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大变倍比中波红外连续变焦光学系统设计
Optical System Design of MWIR Continuous Zoom Lens with High Zoom Ratio

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张洪博 1   闫阿奇 2 *   何双亮 1   张轲贻 3   王浩 2 *  
文摘 针对新一代光电吊舱对轻小型长焦距高清红外变焦成像系统的迫切需求,采用分辨率为1280×10~(24)、像元尺寸为15 μm大面阵中波制冷红外探测器,设计了一款变倍比为48、焦距范围为25~1200 mm的中波红外连续变焦光学系统。为了实现小型化设计,采用二次成像、正组机械补偿、平滑换根、结合后组温阑切换变F数,以及光路巧妙折转的设计思路及方法,在保证100%冷阑效率的同时,实现了红外变焦系统的大变倍比与小型化设计。结果表明,该光学系统在-40 ℃~+60 ℃温度范围内具有良好的成像质量,且光学最大口径为230 mm,光学总长仅为350 mm,该系统具有结构紧凑、变倍比大、焦距长、分辨率高、成像质量良好等优点,可满足新一代红外成像系统的要求。
其他语种文摘 Objective Infrared (IR) imaging technology has become a research hotspot in different countries because of its advantages such as not being limited by day and night, being able to work all day, strong ability to penetrate smoke, and good detection concealment. In recent years, with the development of high-performance and high-resolution large-array IR detector technologies and the requirements of remote observation tasks such as border and coastal defense, various advanced IR imaging systems have emerged. The IR continuous zoom optical system is widely used in military and civilian fields. It can search for targets with a large field of view and observe distant targets with high resolution. In order to improve the IR system's ability to identify distant targets at long focal lengths while ensuring target search with a large field of view at short focal lengths, it is hoped that IR zoom optical system has a longer focal length and large zoom ratio. However, the longer focal length makes the diameter of the zoom optical system increase sharply. In addition to the inherent secondary spectrum, a large number of chromatic aberrations and advanced spherical aberrations in optical systems with long focal lengths will be introduced, which makes it difficult to design mid-wave infrared (MWIR) continuous zoom system with a large zoom ratio. Some scholars have also carried out relevant research and design work, but at present, the long focal length of the MWIR zoom system is less than 1000 mm; the detector resolution is mostly 640×512, and the optical path structure of the MWIR zoom optical system is complex and large. It is hard to meet the urgent demand of the new generation of photoelectric pods for high-definition MWIR zoom imaging systems with compact sizes. Methods In order to realize a compact design of IR zoom lens with a large zoom ratio, we propose a design idea and method which adopt secondary imaging, positive group mechanical compensation of zoom lens, and smooth root replacement and introduce a warm shield by switching the rear group of the zoom lens to change F-Number of the optical system at long focal length. The optical path of the MWIR zoom lens is ingeniously folded by two mirrors. First, the IR zoom optical system adopts a kind of optical path structure form with intermediate image planes and uses the zoom differential equation to solve the initial structure of the zoom lens to meet the required zoom ratio (Fig. 1); second, pupil aberration, especially pupil coma, is controlled in the optimization of the optical system to minimize the diameter of the front group; third, the optical system adopts positive group compensation zoom lens. It has a negative zoom group and a positive compensation group. The magnification of the zoom group and compensation group at a certain focal length position during optimization is controlled to keep zoom group magnification and compensation group magnification at-1, so as to reduce zoom travel length and overall length of the MWIR zoom optical system as much as possible. Finally, two mirrors are cleverly used to fold the optical path, and by switching the rear group of the zoom lens, a warm shield is introduced to change F-number at a long focal length, which further reduces the diameter of the front group and keep IR zoom lens more compact. Results and Discussions Based on the proposed design method of a compact MRIR zoom lens, this paper uses a highresolution MWIR-cooled detector with a resolution of 1280×10~(24). The pixel size is 15 μm, and an MWIR continuous zoom optical system with a zoom ratio of 48 times and focal length from 25 mm to 1200 mm has been designed (Figs. 2 and 3). While ensuring 100% efficiency of cold shield, the compact IR zoom lens is realized. The optical system has good imaging quality within the operating temperature range of-40-60 ℃ (Fig. 6), and the maximum optical diameter of the front group is 230 mm.
来源 光学学报 ,2023,43(12):1222002 【核心库】
DOI 10.3788/AOS230537
关键词 光学设计 ; 红外变焦系统 ; 中波红外 ; 机械补偿 ; 温阑 ; 小型化
地址

1. 中国航天员科研训练中心, 北京, 100094  

2. 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所, 陕西, 西安, 710119  

3. 北京理工大学, 北京, 100081

语种 中文
文献类型 研究性论文
ISSN 0253-2239
学科 电子技术、通信技术
基金 中国科学院青年创新促进会项目
文献收藏号 CSCD:7508638

参考文献 共 13 共1页

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