太阳极轨天文台
Solar Polar-orbit Observatory
查看参考文献37篇
邓元勇
1,2
*
周桂萍
1,2
*
代树武
3
王颖
3
冯学尚
4
何建森
5
姜杰
6
田晖
5
杨尚斌
1,2
侯俊峰
1,2
颜毅华
4,2
甘为群
7
白先勇
1,2
李乐平
1,2
夏利东
8
黎辉
7
苏杨
7
熊明
4
张也弛
3
朱成林
3
林佳本
1,2
章海鹰
9
陈波
10
何玲平
10
封莉
7
张红鑫
10
孙明哲
8
张爱兵
4,2
陈林杰
4,2
谭宝林
1,2
张哲
7
杨建峰
11
杨孟飞
12
汪景琇
1,2
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文摘
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太阳是唯一可实现精细观测,即高时空光谱分辨率、高偏振测量精度观测的恒星,日地系统又是目前所知唯一具有智慧生命的恒星-行星系统.太阳物理不仅是天文学中不可取代的基础学科,也是关乎人类自身生存发展,并可为探索宇宙其他生命系统提供引导的前沿交叉学科.迄今为止,人类对太阳的观测几乎覆盖全电磁波段,但均局限在黄道面附近,从未实现对极区的直接光谱和成像观测.在黄道面斜视太阳极区,由于投影效应造成不同极性磁场被挤压在一起而相互抵消,同时太阳的临边昏暗效应降低了偏振观测灵敏度,因此太阳的两极至今仍然是一个关键的未知区域.作为太阳整体磁场的重要组成部分,极区磁场和磁活动是主导太阳活动周起源的两大循环分量之一、高速太阳风的主要生产来源,以及决定太阳系空间环境的重要因素,长期以来一直是人类梦寐以求的科学探测目标. |
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其他语种文摘
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Solar magnetic fields and related solar magnetic activities dominate the heliospheric environments from the near-Earth space, to the interplanetary space, and up to the interstellar boundary. The polar magnetic fields of the Sun and its dynamic processes are especially vital in the aspects of manifesting the internal dynamo of the Sun, and shaping magnetic fields in the heliosphere. But so far, almost all the solar satellites have been limited in the vicinity of the ecliptic plane. Due to the serious projection effect, the polar regions remain as the least-known mysterious territory of the Sun. The spacecraft of "Solar Polar-orbit Observatory (SPO)" has been designed to directly image the solar polar regions in an unprecedented way by traveling in a large solar inclination angle (≥ 80°) and a small ellipticity. Based on multi-band remote-sensing and in-situ measurements, the SPO will make breakthrough on the following top-level scientific objectives: (1) Provide decisive observations for solving the problem of the century-How the solar magnetic activity cycle originates that shapes the living environment of human beings; (2) provide direct observational supports for unveiling the origin, mechanism, and effect of the "primitive" high-speed solar wind that connects the Sun and celestial bodies in the solar system; (3) provide the necessary, complete, and self-consistent initial and boundary conditions for creating a data-driven global heliospheric numerical model that serves as the foundation for space weather prediction. To achieve these scientific objectives, the SPO will be equipped with six remote-sensing instruments and one in-situ instrument package. The remote-sensing instruments are Magnetic and Helioseismic Imager (MHI; FOV: 34' (full disk)/17' (high resolution); pixel resolution: 1″/0.5″; sensitivity: 10 G (longitudinal), 200 G (transverse); cadence: 15 min; sensitivity of Doppler velocity: 30 m/s; Cadence: 1 min), Extreme Ultraviolet Solar Telescope (EUST; FOV: 51'; spatial resolution: 3.5″; imaging band: 19.3, 17.1, 13.1 and 30.4 nm; cadence: 1 min), Visible-light Coronagraph (VISCO; FOV: 0.69°-2.67° annular; pixel resolution: 4.8″; wave band: 700±40 nm; cadence: 2 min), Very Large Angle Coronagraph (VLACOR; FOV: 2.67°-24° annular; pixel resolution: 45″; wave band: 600-750 nm; cadence: 10 min (white light), 60 min (polarization)), X-ray Imaging Telescope (XIT; FOV: 48'; angular resolution: 10″; energy range: Energy spectrum 0.5-10 keV; spectral resolution: 1 keV@6 keV; time resolution: 5 s (common), 1 s (burst)), and Low Frequency Radio Spectrometer (LFRS; frequency range: 10 kHz-2.0 MHz and 1.0-50 MHz; spectral resolution: ≤5 kHz@2.0 MHz and ≤0.1 MHz@50 MHz; time resolution: 1 s; dynamic range: >72 dB). The in-situ instrument package includes Solar Wind Ion Analyzer (SWIA), Solar Energetic Particles Analyzer (SEPA), and Magnetometer (MAG). |
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来源
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科学通报
,2023,68(4):298-308 【核心库】
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DOI
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10.1360/TB-2022-0674
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关键词
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太阳极
;
轨天文台
;
精细观测
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地址
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1.
中国科学院国家天文台, 北京, 100101
2.
中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院, 北京, 100049
3.
北京空间飞行器总体设计部, 北京, 100094
4.
中国科学院国家空间科学中心, 北京, 100190
5.
北京大学地球与空间科学学院, 北京, 100871
6.
北京航空航天大学空间与环境学院, 北京, 102206
7.
中国科学院紫金山天文台, 南京, 210034
8.
山东大学(威海)空间科学与物理学院, 威海, 264209
9.
中国科学院南京天文光学技术研究所, 南京, 210042
10.
中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所, 长春, 130033
11.
中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所, 西安, 710119
12.
中国空间技术研究院, 北京, 100094
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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0023-074X |
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学科
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天文学 |
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基金
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国家重点研发计划
;
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项
;
国家自然科学基金
;
中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目
;
云南省汪景琇院士工作站
;
国家重点研发计划
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国家"月球与深空探测"规划项目(2011年)
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中国科学院战略性先导科技专项
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中国科学院空间科学创新研究院项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:7407860
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