贵阳地区主要大气氮源的沉降机制与分布：基于石生苔藓氮含量和氮同位素的证据
Deposition mechanism and distribution of the dominating atmospheric N sources in Guiyang area： Evidences from tissue N and δ^15N in epilithic mosses
查看参考文献26篇
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文摘
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对贵阳市区到农村地区4个方向的175个石生苔藓样品氮含量和氮同位素（δ~(15)N）进行了分析。苔藓δ~(15)N表明贵阳地区大气氮沉降以铵沉降为主，主要来源为城市废水氨释放以及农村地区的农业氨挥发。苔藓氮含量从市区往外随距离呈指数降低，而δ~(15)N随距离对数升高，揭示了城市来源的铵沉降随距离指数降低，该变化模式与其他点源氨的沉降分布以及点源氨附近苔藓氮含量的变化规律相同。因此，贵阳市区可以看成整个研究区的一个点状氨源。不同方向苔藓氮含量和δ~(15)N随距离的变化梯度存在差异，表明城市铵向周边不同方向的扩散迁移具有非均一性，其原因可能与地形条件、植被状况、风向、城市化程度等有关。苔藓δ~(15)N平均值在15km以外没有明显差异，反映了农业面源氨的影响。此外，运用极限法计算，苔藓氮含量随距离的变化关系（y=1．5e~(-0.13x)＋1．26）表明城市铵的影响范围总体小于41km，而苔藓δ~(15)N的变化（y=2．541nz-12．23）反映了在17．2km以内的地区，大气氮沉降以城市铵为主，17．2km以外的地区主要受农业铵沉降的控制。本研究为城市氮沉降的变化提供了新的证据，促进了苔藓氮含量和δ~(15)N方法研究大气氮沉降从定性向定量的发展。 |
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其他语种文摘
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The study investigated the N concentrations and δ~(15)N values in 175 epilithic mosses collected along four directions from urban sites to rural sites in Guiyang. Mosses δ~(15)N showed that atmospheric N deposition was dominated by ammonium （NH,）, which was mainly derived from city sewage NH_3 release and agricultural NH_3 in rural area. Away from city center, mosses N concentrations decreased exponentially with distance, while δ~(15)N values showed a significant logarithmic increase with distance. These evidences revealed that the deposition of city NH, declined exponentially with distance, which was consistent with the pattern of NH, deposition and the variation of mosses N concentrations around point NH_3 sources, thus the urban area could be seen as a point NH_3 source within the whole studying area. Different varying gradients of mosses N concentrations and δ~(15)N were observed for different directions, indicating the diffusion and transport of city NH, was not equipotent around the urban area, which was mainly related to local factors such as geographic conditions, vegetation coverage, wind direction and urbanization etc. However, no significant difference was seen for mosses δ~(15)N at sites beyond 15 km from city center, showing the predominance of non-point agricultural NH_3 sources. Moreover, according to limiting calculation, the equation between mosses N concentrationa and distance （ y = 1.5~(e-0.13 x) ＋ 1.26） indicated that the influence of city NH_2 was generally less than 41 km, and the equation between δ~(15)N and distance （ y = 2. 541nx - 12.23） showed atmospheric N deposition was dominated by city NH, within 17.2 kln, but was controlled by agricultural NH_2 beyond 17.2 km. This study has provided new evidences for city N deposition and was helpful for the development of mosses N concentration and δ~(15)N from a qualitative technique to a quantitative one in N deposition study. |
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来源
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地球化学
,2008,37(5):455-461 【核心库】
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关键词
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石生苔藓
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氮同位素
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大气氮沉降
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氨
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贵阳地区
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地址
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中国科学院地球化学研究所, 环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵州, 贵阳, 550002
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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0379-1726 |
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学科
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地质学 |
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基金
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国家973计划
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国家自然科学基金
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:3375957
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