汞的环境生物地球化学研究进展
A Review of Mercury in Environmental Biogeochemistry
查看参考文献25篇
|
文摘
|
汞是毒性极高的全球性环境污染物.即使在极低剂量下,汞对人类和野生动植物都有相当大的毒性,并导致生态系统功能退化和人类健康风险,有关汞及其化合物的环境生物地球化学研究是目前国际上的热点之一.基于近三十年来的相关研究报道,作者阐述了生态环境中汞的分布特征及化学行为、汞的来源及循环、当前汞的暴露及人类健康风险等方面的最新研究动态.同时,指出生态环境中及环境界面间汞的活化、迁移、转化机制研究、人类活动与汞释放间的关系研究以及生态环境中汞的甲基化作用、生物放大作用等过程和交互作用研究等是今后汞的环境生物地球化学领域内的研究重点. |
|
其他语种文摘
|
Mercury is a highly toxic trace element that is now present in various environ-ment media and food worldwide. People concerns over mercury pollution have substantially ele-vated in recent years because new findings indicate that adversely effects may be taking place at lower concentrations than previously thought. Monitoring of this pollution and the circulation of the matter in biosphere is therefore a most important and urgent task. In recent years, many countries have been faced these issues and scientists from multiple disciplines have involved in these study areas. Mercury is adversely affecting both humans and wildlife, especially to the developing ner-vous system. The toxicity to organisms depends on the chemical form, the amount, the pathway of exposure and the vulnerability of the person exposed. Natural releases due to mobilisation of naturally occurring from the Earth's crust, current anthropogenic releases from the mobilization of mercury impurities and intentional extraction and use of mercury, and re-mobilisation of his-toric anthropogenic deposited mercury are the main sources of mercury to the biosphere. The available data indicated that mercury is present all over the globe especially in fish and marine mammals in concentrations that adversely affect human beings and wildlife. These levels have led to consumption advisories in a number of countries warning people, especially sensitive sub-groups such as pregnant women and young children, to limit or avoid consumption of certain types of fish from various waterbodies. Mercury is probably among the best-studied environmental toxicants. However, in the field of Environmental Biogeochemistry, further researches are need to provide new information to improve understanding of issues relevant to mercury, including its fate and transport, health and environmental impacts, and the role of human activity. The three aspects listed below should not be delayed, namely, understanding of the natural mechanisms affecting the fate of mercury in and between the environmental media, such as mobilization, transformation, transports and in-take, understanding of the human conduct in relation to mercury anthropogenic releases, and understanding of methylation, biomagnification, and other interaction of mercury with other chemical and non-chemical stressors on ecological receptors. |
|
来源
|
地理科学进展
,2004,23(6):33-40 【核心库】
|
|
关键词
|
汞
;
甲基汞
;
生物地球化学
;
健康风险
|
|
地址
|
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京, 100101
|
|
语种
|
中文 |
|
文献类型
|
研究性论文 |
|
ISSN
|
1007-6301 |
|
学科
|
环境科学基础理论 |
|
基金
|
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目
|
|
文献收藏号
|
CSCD:1800312
|
参考文献 共
25
共2页
|
|
1.
UNEP. Report of the global mercury assessment working group on the work of its first meeting.
Report of the global mercury assessment working group on the work of its first meeting,2002
|
CSCD被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
2.
王五一. 我国21世纪环境、健康与发展研究的重点领域和主要方向.
地理科学进展,1997,16(1):11-14
|
CSCD被引
11
次
|
|
|
|
|
3.
康春丽. 汞的地球化学特征及其映震效能.
地质地球化学,1999,27(1):79-84
|
CSCD被引
7
次
|
|
|
|
|
4.
Ullrich S M. A review of factors affecting methylation.
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,2001,31(3):241-293
|
CSCD被引
117
次
|
|
|
|
|
5.
Bailey E A. Mercury transformations in soils near mercury mines in Alaska.
Materials and Geoenvironment,2001,48(1):212-218
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
6.
Pirrone N. Towards the preparation of the New EU Air Quality Directive.
Atmospheric Environment,2001:35,2979-2986
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
7.
Pirrone N. Regional differences in worldwide emissions of mercury to the atmosphere.
Atmospheric Environment,1996,30(37):2981-2987
|
CSCD被引
21
次
|
|
|
|
|
8.
王基华. 隐伏断层性状的汞地球化学标志.
地震研究,1994,10(2):112-122
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
9.
Mason R P. Anthropogenic influences.
Geochimica. et Cosmochimica. Acta,1994,58(15):3191-3198
|
CSCD被引
62
次
|
|
|
|
|
10.
Lamborg C H. A non-steady-state compartmental model of global-scale mercury biogeochemistry with interhemispheric atmospheric gradients.
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2002,66(7):1105-1118
|
CSCD被引
31
次
|
|
|
|
|
11.
Bergan T. Oxidation of elemental mercury in the atmosphere.
Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry,2001,40:191-212
|
CSCD被引
4
次
|
|
|
|
|
12.
Pacyna E. Atmospheric mercury emissions in Europe from anthropogenic sources.
Atmospheric Environment,2000:35,2987-2996
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
13.
Lacerda L D. Global mercury emissions from gold and silver mining.
Water, Air and Soil Pollution,1997,97:209-221
|
CSCD被引
5
次
|
|
|
|
|
14.
US EPA.
Mercury study report to congress US EPA,1997
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
15.
Lindquist O. Mercury in the Swedish Environment.
Mercury in the Swedish Environment. Global and local sources, report 1816,National Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm,1984
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
16.
Bergan T. Mercury in the global troposphere - a three-dimensional model study.
Atmospheric Environment,1999,33:1575-1585
|
CSCD被引
21
次
|
|
|
|
|
17.
Munthe J. Mercury species over Europe (MOE).
Final report for the European Commission, Direetorate General Ⅻ,2001
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
18.
Rea A W. Dry deposition and foliar leaching of mercury and selected trace elements in deciduous forest throughfall.
Atmospheric Environment,2001,35:3453-3462
|
CSCD被引
10
次
|
|
|
|
|
19.
Landis M S. Atmospheric Deposition to Lake Michigan during the Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study.
Atmospheric Deposition to Lake Michigan during the Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study, submitted to Environmental Science and Technology,2002
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
20.
Travnikov O. Modelling of mercury hemispheric transport and depositions.
Modelling of mercury hemispheric transport and depositions. EMEP/MSC-E Technical Report 6/2002, Meteorological Synthesizing Centre-East,2002
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
了解气象卫星更多信息，请访问