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延迟线阳极光子计数成像探测器研究
Research on Delay Line Anode Photon Counting Imaging Detector

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张亚龙 1,2   刘永安 1   张蕊利 1   杨向辉 1   刘哲 1   盛立志 1 *  
文摘 基于微通道板的单光子探测器具有体积小、结构紧凑等优点,将其与位置灵敏阳极相结合能够准确记录光子到达的时间信息及位置信息。通过分析延迟线阳极探测器的原理,提出一种基于印刷电路板制备的新型二维交叉延迟线阳极。与传统的电荷直接收集方式不同,该阳极基于电荷感应技术,由高阻感应层代替阳极收集电子,消除了阳极电子再分配带来的噪声。搭建了一套基于交叉延迟线阳极的实验系统并对研制的位敏阳极探测器进行测试,测试结果表明探测器空间分辨率最优为107 um,暗计数为0.23 counts/(cm~2·s)。研制的新型交叉延迟线阳极为大面阵单光子成像探测应用奠定了基础。
其他语种文摘 A useful technique for detecting very faint light is photon counting technology, which has numerous potential applications in high-energy physics, astronomical detection, quantum key distribution systems, and high-resolution spectral measurement. The micro-channel plate based single-photon counting detector benefits from being small and compact in design. While counting photons, it can precisely record the arrival time and location information by combining with the position-sensitive anode. The detector based on microchannel plate and position-sensitive anode has high sensitivity and time and space discrimination ability, and has been widely used in various fields. Firstly, we investigated position-sensitive anodes for imaging, there are many position-sensitive anodes for imaging. Among which the spatial resolution of WSA anodes decreases gradually with the increase of detection area; the electronics design of MAMA anodes becomes more complex as the detection area increases; each strip of XS anode requires an independent readout electronics, resulting in higher circuit power consumption; the spatial resolution of delay line anodes is much better than that of other kinds of position-sensitive anodes because it is not impacted by the detecting area. Therefore, a novel twodimensional cross delay line anode based on a printed circuit board was proposed after the delay line anode single photon detector's operating principle was examined. The anode adopts a multi-layer structure design, from top to bottom including an upper collection unit, a reference ground, a lower collection unit, a reference ground, a collection unit and a delay unit through the via connection to achieve signal transmission. Compared to traditional anode designs, this design places the delay unit on the back of the collection unit, making it more miniaturized. Secondly, the high resistance sensor layer was replaced of an anode to capture electrons based on the charge induction readout technology. Due to the characteristics of high resistance of sensor layer, when the electron cloud reaches the charge induction layer, it takes a certain time to diffuse to the ground, so an equal amount of induced charge is generated on the other side, and the position-sensitive anode senses the induced charge and performs analytical imaging on it. Compared with the traditional direct collection method, the direct collection is easy to cause the redistribution of secondary electrons on the anode, resulting in the instability of the output image. Charge induction technology effectively avoids these problems and eliminates the influence of non-uniform electron field on electron motion, it provides convenience for the development of vacuum package detector, which not only reduces the difficulty of device manufacturing, but also facilitates testing. Finally, a set of experimental system is used to test the delay line anode, the developed signal readout circuit mainly includes time digital conversion circuit and photon arrival timing circuit, and imaging is realized by signal discrimination and photon arrival timing circuit. According to the test results, the detector's ideal spatial resolution is 107 μm and its ideal dark count is 0.23 count/(cm~2·s). The innovative cross delay line anode has created the groundwork for single photon image detection in large area arrays, it provides theoretical guidance for further performance improvement.
来源 光子学报 ,2023,52(12):1204001 【核心库】
DOI 10.3788/gzxb20235212.1204001
关键词 延迟线阳极 ; 单光子探测器 ; 微通道板 ; 电荷感应技术
地址

1. 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所, 瞬态光学与光子技术国家重点实验室, 西安, 710119  

2. 中国科学院大学光电学院, 北京, 100049

语种 中文
文献类型 研究性论文
ISSN 1004-4213
学科 物理学
基金 中国科学院“西部青年学者” ;  陕西省自然科学基金 ;  国家自然科学基金
文献收藏号 CSCD:7646096

参考文献 共 21 共2页

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