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文摘
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纳米科技是研究0.1~ 100 nm粒级范围内物质特性的科学,纳米颗粒处于纳米尺度,具有表面与界面效应、小尺寸效应、宏观量子隧道效应和量子尺寸效应等特殊的物化性质。纳米科技涉及地球科学的诸多领域,并在矿物学、岩石学、地球化学、构造地质学、能源地质学和矿床学等领域取得了重要进展。本文在总结、归纳前人的研究并结合作者最新研究结果的基础上,进一步提出了纳米地质学的概念: 以纳米科学与地球科学为依托,以纳米技术与地学研究方法为手段,以固体地球物质为研究对象,对各种地质体中已知或有待探知的纳米颗粒和纳米孔隙进行深入研究,从而揭示地质过程中纳米效应与地质现象的关系及其规律的科学; 系统地分析了纳米科技与地质学结合产生的各分支学科: 纳米矿物学、纳米岩石学、纳米地球化学、纳米构造地质学、纳米能源地质学、纳米矿床学、纳米地震地质学和纳米环境地质学等; 全面阐述了纳米地质学及纳米成藏成矿领域重大和前沿科学问题,并探讨了其发展趋势,由此指出,纳米地质学的兴起和发展将必然带来地学领域革命性的挑战。 |
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其他语种文摘
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Nanoscience and technology is the science of studying substance characteristics with the grain size ranging from 0.1 nm to 100 nm. Nano-particles are at the nano scale,which possess surface and interface effect,small size effect, macroscopic quantum tunneling and quantum size effect and other special physical and chemical properties. Nano science and technology have been introduced to geosciences,and have made some achievements in the field of mineralogy, petrology,geochemistry,structural geology,energy geology and the geology of mineral deposits. However,the associated researches are still lack of systematic theory of nanogeology. Based on the summarization of predecessors' academic achievements and combined with the authors' own work in ultra-microscopic,the concept of nanogeology is further proposed. Nanogeology is a science,taking solid matters in the earth as research target,to unclose the nano-scale information of nano-particles and nano pores and their relationship with the geological phenomenon and especially the genetic types during the geological processes on the basis of nano science and geology and by the nanotechnology and geological tools. This paper has analyzed systematically the various branches formed by the combination between nanotechnology and geology: nano-mineralogy,nano-petrology,nano-geochemistry,nano-structural geology,nano-energy geology,nano-ore deposit formation,nano-earthquake geology and nano-environmental geology. The significant and frontier science problems were clarified in nano-geology and nano-scale hydrocarbon accumulation and metallogenesis field through a comprehensive study,and consequently its development trend was discussed further. Thus,it was pointed out,the revolutionary challenges will be brought about by the rise and development of nanogeology. |
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来源
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矿物岩石地球化学通报
,2016,35(1):1-20 【核心库】
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DOI
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10.3969/j.issn.1007-2802.2016.01.001
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关键词
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纳米地质学
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纳米科技
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地质学
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科学前沿
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发展趋势
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地址
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1.
中国科学院大学地球科学学院, 中国科学院计算地球动力学重点实验室, 北京, 100049
2.
南京大学地球科学与工程学院, 内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室, 南京, 210093
3.
中国科学院地球化学研究所, 矿床地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳, 550081
4.
中国石油大学(华东)非常规油气与新能源研究院, 山东, 青岛, 266580
5.
中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 广州, 510640
6.
中联煤层气有限责任公司, 北京, 100011
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1007-2802 |
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学科
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地质学 |
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基金
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国家自然科学基金项目
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国家重大科技专项
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中国科学院战略性先导科技专项
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:5646505
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