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太阳米波和分米波Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型射电暴及其精细结构观测研究进展
Research and Observation of Metric and Decimetric TypeⅡand TypeⅢSolar Radio Bursts with Fine Structures

查看参考文献59篇

高冠男 1   林隽 2   汪敏 2   谢瑞祥 2  
文摘 太阳米波和分米波的射电观测是对太阳爆发过程中耀斑和日冕物质抛射现象研究的重要观测手段。米波和分米波的太阳射电暴以相干等离子体辐射为主导,表现出在时域和频域的多样性和复杂性。其中Ⅱ型射电暴是激波在日冕中运动引起电磁波辐射的结果。在Ⅱ型射电暴方面,首先对米波Ⅱ型射电暴的激波起源问题和米波Ⅱ型射电暴与行星际Ⅱ型射电暴的关系问题进行了讨论;其次,结合Lin-Forbes太阳爆发理论模型对Ⅱ型射电暴的开始时间和起始频率进行讨论:最后,对Ⅱ型射电暴信号中包含的两种射电精细结构,Herringbone结构(即鱼骨结构)和与激波相关的Ⅲ型射电暴也分别进行了讨论。Ⅲ型射电暴是高能电子束在日冕中运动产生电磁波辐射的结果。在Ⅲ型射电暴方面,首先介绍了利用Ⅲ型射电暴对日冕磁场位形和等离子体密度进行研究的具体方法;其次,对利用Ⅲ型射电暴测量日冕温度的最新理论进行介绍;最后,对Ⅲ型射电暴和Ⅱ型射电暴的时间关系、Ⅲ型射电暴和粒子加速以及Ⅲ型射电暴信号中包含的射电精细结构(例如斑马纹、纤维爆发及尖峰辐射)等问题进行讨论并介绍有关的最新研究进展。
其他语种文摘 Observations and studies of solar eruptions in radio wavelengths provide us several diagnostic approaches to answering long-standing questions about shocks,particle accelerations,and particle transports in magnetized plasmas.At decimetric and metric wavelengths,coherent plasma radiation plays a dominant role in observed radio emissions. Coronal mass ejections(CMEs) and solar flares play a pivotal role in the solar terrestrial relationship:they are responsible for major geomagnetic storms and the event of solar energetic particles(SEPs).It is now generally accepted that typeⅡand typeⅢradio bursts in the solar eruption are closely related to flares and CMEs. TypeⅡradio bursts are the slow frequency drifting signature in the dynamic spectrum. It is interpreted as the result of the outward motion of the fast mode shock driven by CME. TypeⅢradio bursts,on the other hand,are the fast frequency drifting signature in the dynamic spectrum.Usually they are interpreted as the radio signature of energetic electron beams propagating along the magnetic field outward through the corona or interplanetary space at speed of 0.2-0.6 c.The reverse frequency drifting typeⅢradio bursts and the U-shape radio bursts are sometimes observed as well.The reverse-drifting typeⅢradio bursts are believed to result from the Sun-ward energetic electron beams,and the U-shape radio bursts are due to electron beams propagating in a closed magnetic loop.Moreover, groups of typeⅢradio bursts are observed in some special events and they are interpreted as electron beams trapped in moving plasmoids,which are constrained inside semi-closed magnetic field structures In this work,we first introduce four kinds of typeⅡradio bursts:(1) the typeⅡradio bursts that include the third component of the plasma emission,(2) the typeⅡburst with high starting frequency,(3)the bifurcation metric typeⅡradio burst,and(4) the typeⅡradio burst of nearly zero frequency drift.We discussed three aspects about the typeⅡradio burst that have long drawn attention of the community:(1) the origin of the metric type II radio burst,(2) the relation of the metric typeⅡradio burst to that in the interplanetary medium,and(3) the onset positions and frequencies of the typeⅡradio burst that are dependent on the local Alfven speed and the rate of magnetic reconnection.Then,we looked into two kinds of different fine structures about shock-associated typeⅢradio burst (SA) and the herringbone structures.Both of them are associated with typeⅡradio bursts as the signal of particle accelerations by the CME-driven shock. In the third part of this work,we introduce the details of the typeⅢradio burst,which is used for diagnosing the coronal magnetic field structure and the coronal plasma density. According to recent numerical experiments,typeⅢradio bursts may as well offer a new tool to probe both distributions or structures of T_e and T_i in the corona.We discuss two issues of the typeⅢburst that are related to other activities and phenomena:(1) the time sequence of typeⅡand typeⅢradio bursts,(2) On the basis of the catastrophe model of solar eruptions,particles can be accelerated in current sheet,and produce typeⅢradio bursts,therefore the starting frequency of the typeⅢburst should decrease with time since the current sheet continues to move upward in eruption.This is related to the motion of the flare loop system in the eruption.We also introduce and discuss three kinds of fine structures that are always found associated with typeⅢradio bursts:zebra,fiber as well as spike,and emphasized the relationship among typeⅢradio bursts,spikes and hard X-ray emissions in solar eruptions.Finally,we introduce two new solar radio digital spectrographs (70-700 MHz and 625-1 500 MHz) with high frequency(200 kHz) and high time(80 ms) resolutions at the Yunnan Astronomical Observatory,China,and some observations made by them.
来源 天文学进展 ,2012,30(1):35-47 【核心库】
关键词 太阳 ; 耀斑和CME ; 射电暴 ; 射电精细结构 ; 激波 ; 粒子加速
地址

1. 中国科学院云南天文台, 中国科学院太阳活动重点实验室, 昆明, 650011  

2. 中国科学院云南天文台, 昆明, 650011

语种 中文
文献类型 综述型
ISSN 1000-8349
学科 天文学
基金 国家自然科学基金 ;  国家973计划 ;  中国科学院太阳活动重点实验室基金
文献收藏号 CSCD:4478105

参考文献 共 59 共3页

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引证文献 3 篇

1 杜清府 太阳射电观测系统多通道变频电路一致性补偿方法与实现 中国科学. 技术科学,2019,49(8):901-909
CSCD被引 2 次

2 沈发新 基于概率霍夫变换的太阳射电Ⅲ和Ⅱ型暴自动识别及参数提取 天文研究与技术,2022,19(6):559-567
CSCD被引 2 次

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