核结构材料用多主元合金辐照损伤的研究进展
Research progress in multiprincipal element alloys for nuclear structure materials on irradiation damage
查看参考文献121篇
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文摘
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开发具有优异综合性能的核反应堆结构材料是核能发展的基础,并且是长期以来制约核能推广的难点之一。多主元合金(multiprincipal element alloys,MEAs)因具有良好的抗辐照性能、力学性能而被认为是先进反应堆结构材料的候选材料,为新型抗辐照材料的设计开辟了广阔空间。近年来,有关多主元合金在辐照损伤方面的研究多试图揭示多主元合金一些因素和特性对辐照过程中缺陷形成与演变的影响。例如:主元种类和数目、主元浓度、晶格畸变、化学短程序等。尽管现有的一些研究结果表明以上因素可以提高多主元合金抗辐照损伤能力,但是在不同辐照条件下,以上因素对多主元合金中缺陷形成和演变的影响机制存在较大差异,难以得出普适性的结论。本文围绕FCC和BCC系两类多主元合金的辐照肿胀、氦泡形成、辐照诱导元素偏析和相变、辐照硬化四方面内容,综述了近年来多主元合金在辐照损伤方面的研究进展,总结了多主元合金提高抗辐照性能的作用机制,并在此基础上对核电结构用多主元合金的未来研究方向做出了展望,包括短程序调控、高熵陶瓷、增材制造、高通量结合机器学习加速材料开发等。最后指出必须从合金成分设计的角度出发,基于材料服役的实际环境来设计新型抗辐照多主元合金。 |
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其他语种文摘
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The development of nuclear reactor structural materials with excellent comprehensive performance is the basis of nuclear energy development,and it is one of the difficulties that have long restricted the promotion of nuclear energy. Multiprincipal element alloys(MEAs) have been recognized as candidate materials for advanced reactor structural materials due to their good irradiation resistance and mechanical properties,which has expanded a broad space for the design of new radiation-resistant materials. In recent years,the research on the irradiation damage of multiprincipal element alloys has tried to reveal the influence of some factors and characteristics of multiprincipal element alloys on the formation and evolution of defects in the irradiation process. For example,the type,number and concentration of alloying elements,lattice distortion,chemical short range order,etc. Although some existing research results show that the above factors can improve the resistance of multiprincipal element alloys to irradiation damage,under different irradiation conditions,the influence mechanism of the above factors on the formation and evolution of defects in multiprincipal element alloys is quite different,and it is difficult to draw generalization conclusions. Focusing on the four aspects of irradiation swelling,helium bubble formation,irradiation-induced element segregation and phase transition,irradiation hardening of FCC and BCC systems. The research progress of multiprincipal element alloys in irradiation damage in recent years was reviewed,the mechanism of action of multiprincipal element alloys to improve radiation resistance was summarized. And based on this,the future research directions for multiprincipal element alloys used in nuclear power structures were prospected,including tuning short-range order,high-entropy ceramics, additive manufacturing technology,accelerating development of new materials by integrating highthroughput computing with machine learning,etc. Finally,it is pointed out that new radiation-resistance MEAs must be designed based on the actual environment of material service from the perspective of composition design. |
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来源
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材料工程
,2024,52(1):1-15 【核心库】
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DOI
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10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2023.000600
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关键词
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多主元合金
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高熵合金
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核结构材料
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辐照损伤
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成分设计
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抗辐照机制
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地址
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北京科技大学, 新金属材料国家重点实验室, 北京, 100083
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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综述型 |
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ISSN
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1001-4381 |
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学科
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原子能技术 |
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基金
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国家自然科学基金项目
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国家自然科学基金国家杰出青年科学基金
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:7652187
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