火箭起飞段的激光主动融合轨迹测量技术
Laser Active Fusion Trajectory Measurement Technology in Rocket Take-off Phase
查看参考文献18篇
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文摘
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为实时测量火箭垂直起飞段轨迹数据,提出了一种基于激光雷达的融合轨迹测量技术,将两台激光雷达分别安装于二维精密转台构成融合测量系统,在火箭发射前,两台激光雷达同时扫描火箭中上部目标区域,采用激光点云数据修正、火箭目标区域轨迹初值解算和两台轨迹数据融合处理算法,计算并分析得到激光雷达静态与动态轨迹测量精度分别为0.023 5 m和0.036 6 m。在火箭垂直起飞过程中,二维精密转台实时接收火箭目标区域的轨迹数据,根据火箭位置信息引导激光雷达高精度跟踪扫描火箭起飞全过程,实现了火箭垂直起飞段实时高精度的轨迹测量与数据输出。基于激光雷达的火箭起飞段融合轨迹测量技术有效提高了火箭轨迹数据的测量精度和测量可靠性,保证了火箭发射安全。 |
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其他语种文摘
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The high-precision trajectory data of the rocket vertical take-off phase can be used to evaluate the technical performance and accuracy of the rocket, provide data reference for the improved design and finalization of the rocket, and also provide important trajectory reference data for the rocket take-off safety control system. The trajectory of the rocket in the vertical take-off phase changes greatly in the vertical rising direction, while the theoretical trajectory in both directions of the horizontal plane does not change. However, in the actual launch process, due to various interferences and certain delays and deviations in the real-time control of the rocket, the actual trajectory of the rocket in the horizontal plane will inevitably have a certain offset. The traditional trajectory measurement methods in the vertical take-off phase of rocket mainly include telemetry, optical and radio radar measurement. Due to the vibration caused by rocket launch, the trajectory measurement accuracy of telemetry system is not high, and it is difficult to obtain effective original analysis data after rocket failure. The optical measurement system uses images taken by multiple stations to obtain the rocket trajectory data after the rendezvous, but it is easily affected by the weather and has poor real-time performance. Due to the interference of ground clutter, it is difficult for radio radar to obtain effective trajectory data at this stage. It can be seen that there is no real-time trajectory measurement data in the vertical take-off phase of the rocket at present, and it is urgent to fill the data gap in this phase through new measurement methods.A single lidar can be used to measure the rocket trajectory in the take-off phase, but the trajectory data of the rocket in both directions of the horizontal plane in the vertical take-off phase changes very little, and only relying on a single lidar to measure the trajectory in the two directions will cause large errors. Compared with a single lidar measurement system, the field of view of the two multi-line lidars in the vertical direction can reach 25°, and a total of 128 laser scanning lines scan the rocket target area at the same time. In addition, the two lidars conduct fusion measurement at an intersection angle of 70°, which can cover the target area of the rocket with a larger angle range. Therefore, more target measurement points can be scanned, which can not only improve the fitting accuracy of the center of the ellipse, but also effectively ensure the reliability of the data measurement. In view of the difficult technical problem of obtaining real-time high-precision trajectory data in the rocket vertical takeoff phase, a new rocket take-off phase trajectory fusion measurement system based on lidar is proposed in this paper, which has the advantages of convenient station layout, easy installation and low power consumption. At the same time, it is less affected by weather, ground clutter signals and rocket vibration, and can effectively obtain the rocket real-time trajectory data. Two lidars are installed on a twodimensional precision turntable to form a fusion measurement system. Before the launch of the rocket, the two lidars jointly scan the middle and upper target areas of the rocket. Based on the proposed algorithm of laser point cloud data correction, the initial value solution of rocket target area trajectory and data fusion processing of the two trajectory data, the static and dynamic trajectory measurement accuracy of the lidar are calculated and analyzed to be 0.023 5 m and 0.036 6 m respectively. |
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来源
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光子学报
,2022,51(12):1212001 【核心库】
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DOI
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10.3788/gzxb20225112.1212001
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关键词
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激光雷达
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轨迹测量
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激光点云数据
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融合数据处理
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动态测量精度
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地址
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北京跟踪与通信技术研究所, 北京, 100094
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中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所, 西安, 710119
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中国科学院空间精密测量技术重点实验室, 中国科学院空间精密测量技术重点实验室, 西安, 710119
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青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室发展中心, 山东, 青岛, 266237
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1004-4213 |
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学科
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航空、航天技术的研究与探索 |
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基金
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中国科学院青年创新促进会项目
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中国科学院空间精密测量技术重点实验室基金
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:7394994
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