国内外污染场地环境风险评估框架形成与发展
A Review of Formulation and Development of Domestic and Foreign Environmental Risk Assessment Frameworks for Contaminated Sites
查看参考文献73篇
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文摘
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城市工业企业搬迁与退役遗留大量污染场地,其潜在环境风险受到各国政府的高度重视。在化学品风险/毒性评估的基础上,欧美等发达国家(地区)率先发展和形成了独具特色的环境风险评估框架。我国在借鉴吸纳国外先进经验的基础上,逐步形成符合国情的场地环境风险评估框架。笔者系统梳理了我国和美国、欧盟、荷兰、英国等国家(地区)的污染场地环境风险评估框架形成与发展历程;分析阐释了各框架的首要目标、决策与管理过程、科学定位、关键创新等要素及其内涵;揭示了各个国家(地区)在特定历史时期关键法律法规、政策与技术文件等的推动、支撑及指导作用等。通过对比研究可为我国场地环境风险评估框架的完善与创新发展提供有益参考。 |
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其他语种文摘
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Many industrial contaminated sites have been left in urban areas, due to the relocation and retirement of industrial enterprises, and their potential environmental risks have attracted great attention all over the world. In such circumstance, some developed countries (regions) in Europe and America have formed their own characteristic environmental risk assessment frameworks (ERAF), based on the risk/toxicity assessment of chemicals. In China, the ERAF in line with current realistic situation is gradually developed, by integrating foreign experience. This paper systematically reviews the formulation and development of the ERAF for contaminated sites in China, the United States, the European Union, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, etc. The primary objectives, decision-making and management process, scientific orientations, and key innovations of these ERAFs are summarized. In addition, the promotion, support and guiding roles of key laws, regulations, policies, and technical guidelines of each country (region) in specific historical period are outlined. This review can provide a useful reference for the development and improvement of ERAF for contaminated sites in China. |
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来源
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生态毒理学报
,2023,18(1):124-137 【扩展库】
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DOI
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10.7524/AJE.1673-5897.20220410001
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关键词
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环境风险
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污染场地
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风险评估
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框架
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地址
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1.
中国科学院地球化学研究所, 环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳, 550081
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中国科学院大学, 北京, 100049
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浙江省生态环境科学设计研究院, 杭州, 310007
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中国城市建设研究院有限公司, 北京, 100120
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1673-5897 |
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学科
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环境科学基础理论 |
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基金
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国家重点研发计划项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:7460251
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