帮助 关于我们

返回检索结果

快速空间扩张下西安市边缘区社会脆弱性多尺度评估
Multi-scale assessment of social vulnerability to rapid urban expansion in urban fringe: A case study of Xi'an

查看参考文献44篇

黄晓军 1,2   王晨 1   胡凯丽 1  
文摘 社会脆弱性评估是解析社会脆弱性要素关系、量化社会脆弱性程度、识别脆弱空间单元或社会群体的重要途径,是实现社会脆弱性精准治理的重要依据。本文从外部扰动、内在结构、构成维度、尺度层级4个方面阐释了社会脆弱性概念内涵,并建立起社会脆弱性评估框架(SVAF),明确了社会脆弱性评价流程、评价目标、评价要素和数据方法,提出从暴露度、敏感性和适应能力3个维度构建社会脆弱性评价指标体系。在此基础上,以西安城市边缘区为例,视快速空间扩张为城市边缘区社会系统的主要扰动因子,开展多尺度社会脆弱性评价,得出街道、社区和农户3个尺度上的社会脆弱性空间(类型)分异结果。街道尺度上,低社会脆弱性街道占主体(48%),且多邻近市中心;社区尺度上,居住开发型社区社会脆弱性最高,教育功能型最低;农户尺度上,社会脆弱性以中等为主(52.7%),高社会脆弱性农户(17.5%)少于低社会脆弱性农户(29.9%)。随着街道—社区—农户尺度的下降,社会脆弱性指数的低值化集中趋势愈发显著,在农户—社区尺度之间,社会脆弱性指数等级对应关系相对明显,而其他两个尺度间并不显著。本研究可在社会脆弱性评价流程、评价指标体系、数据方法组织以及多尺度评价等方面为社会脆弱性评估理论研究与实践应用提供有益的探索。
其他语种文摘 Social vulnerability assessment is an important approach to analyzing the elements of vulnerability, quantifying degree of social vulnerability, and identifying vulnerable spatial units or social groups. Meanwhile, related policies addressing targeted management of social vulnerability are necessary. Therefore, we analyzed the concept and connotations of social vulnerability in four aspects, i.e., disturbance, structure, dimension and scale. We established a framework for social vulnerability assessment that defines the evaluation process, objective, elements, data and method. Based on this framework, we developed a common evaluation index system of social vulnerability according to the three dimensions of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. Finally, the social vulnerability assessment framework was applied to the case of the urban fringe of Xi'an, which has undergone rapid urban expansion. Using a mix of qualitative and quantitative analyses, we combined data from a statistical yearbook, inperson interviews and household surveys and evaluated multi-scale social vulnerability. The spatial differentiation and types of social vulnerability were displayed according to three scales, i.e., Jiedao, communities and land-lost peasant households. The proportion of Jiedao with a low social vulnerability index was 48% . The social vulnerability index of communities requisitioned by housing estate was the highest, and the social vulnerability index was the lowest in the area of educational function. More than half of the land-lost households lay in the middle range of the social vulnerability index, with fewer households having a high index than those having a low index. With the decline of the scale from Jiedao to household, the low value distribution of the social vulnerability index changed from decentralization to centralization. Meanwhile, we found a significant correspondence at the level of the social vulnerability index between household and community, but not for other levels. Our research highlights the social vulnerability assessment framework involved in the evaluation process, index system, data organization, method and multi-scale assessment. These conclusions could be further explored for theoretical research and practical application of social vulnerability assessment.
来源 地理学报 ,2018,73(6):1002-1017 【核心库】
DOI 10.11821/dlxb201806002
关键词 社会脆弱性 ; 评估框架 ; 指标体系 ; 城市边缘区 ; 失地农民 ; 西安市
地址

1. 西北大学城市与环境学院, 西安, 710127  

2. 陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室, 陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室, 西安, 710127

语种 中文
文献类型 研究性论文
ISSN 0375-5444
基金 国家自然科学基金项目 ;  中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金
文献收藏号 CSCD:6254591

参考文献 共 44 共3页

1.  Cutter S L. Vulnerability to environmental hazards. Progress in Human Geography,1996,20(4):529-539 CSCD被引 98 次    
2.  Adger W N. Vulnerability. Global Environmental Change,2006(16):268-281 CSCD被引 189 次    
3.  Carrao H. Mapping global patterns of drought risk: An empirical framework based on subnational estimates of hazard, exposure and vulnerability. Global Environmental Change-Human and Policy Dimensions,2016,39:108-124 CSCD被引 11 次    
4.  史培军. 当代地理学之人地相互作用研究的趋向--全球变化人类行为计划（IHDP）第六届开放会议透视. 地理学报,2006,61(2):115-126 CSCD被引 67 次    
5.  IPCC. Climate Change: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability,2001 CSCD被引 5 次    
6.  UNISDR. Living with Risk: A Global Review of Disaster Reduction Initiatives,2004 CSCD被引 6 次    
7.  辛源. "未来地球"科学计划与可持续发展. 中国软科学,2015(1):20-27 CSCD被引 1 次    
8.  Galea S. A model of underlying socioeconomic vulnerability in human populations: Evidence from variability in population health and implications for public health. Social Science & Medicine,2005,60(11):2417-2430 CSCD被引 6 次    
9.  张平宇. 矿业城市人地系统脆弱性:理论、方法和实证,2011 CSCD被引 1 次    
10.  Adger W N. Social vulnerability to climate change and extremes in coastal Vietnam. World Development,1999,27(2):249-269 CSCD被引 34 次    
11.  Adger W N. Nested and teleconnected vulnerabilities to environmental change. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,2009,7:150-157 CSCD被引 6 次    
12.  Cutter S L. Social vulnerability to environmental hazards. Social Science Quarterly,2003,81(1):242-261 CSCD被引 137 次    
13.  Emrich C T. Social vulnerability to climate-sensitive hazards in the southern United States. Weather Climate and Society,2011,3(3):193-208 CSCD被引 5 次    
14.  Cutter S L. The perilous nature of food supplies: Natural hazards, social vulnerability, and disaster resilience. Environment,2017,59(1):4-15 CSCD被引 1 次    
15.  Blaikie P M. At Risk: Natural Hazards, People's Vulnerability, and Disasters,1994 CSCD被引 5 次    
16.  Birkmann J. Framing vulnerability, risk and societal responses: The MOVE Framework. Natural Hazards,2013,67:193-211 CSCD被引 32 次    
17.  Holand Ivar S. Social vulnerability assessment for Norway: A quantitative approach. Norwegian Journal of Geography,2011,65(1):1-17 CSCD被引 14 次    
18.  Depietri Y. Social vulnerability assessment of the Cologne urban area (Germany) to heat waves: Links to ecosystem services. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction,2013,6:98-117 CSCD被引 19 次    
19.  Chen W F. Measuring Social Vulnerability to Natural Hazards in the Yangtze River Delta Region, China. International journal of Disaster Risk Science,2013,4(4):169-181 CSCD被引 8 次    
20.  Cutter S L. Temporal and spatial changes in social vulnerability to natural hazards. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2008,105(7):2301-2306 CSCD被引 67 次    
引证文献 21 篇

1 董大旻 基于投影寻踪模型的社区消防脆弱性评估 中国安全科学学报,2018,28(9):33-38
CSCD被引 4 次

2 王晨 西北地区城市干旱脆弱性评价研究 水资源与水工程学报,2019,30(1):114-121
CSCD被引 5 次

显示所有21篇文献

论文科学数据集
PlumX Metrics
相关文献

 作者相关
 关键词相关
 参考文献相关

版权所有 ©2008 中国科学院文献情报中心 制作维护：中国科学院文献情报中心
地址：北京中关村北四环西路33号 邮政编码：100190 联系电话：(010)82627496 E-mail:cscd@mail.las.ac.cn 京ICP备05002861号-4 | 京公网安备11010802043238号