炭基肥对黄壤烤烟生理和氮素吸收与平衡的影响
Effects of Biochar-based Fertilizer on Physiology and Nitrogen Uptake of Flue-cured Tobacco and Nitrogen Balance in Yellow Soil
查看参考文献37篇
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文摘
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以烤烟品种云烟87和贵州典型黄壤为试验材料,通过大田试验,设置不施氮(CN)、常规肥(CF)和炭基肥(BF)3个处理,探索不同施肥处理对烤烟氮素吸收相关生理、黄壤-烤烟体系氮素平衡的影响,为优化贵州烟区黄壤氮素管理和减少烟区农田生态环境污染提供科学指导。结果表明,BF处理显著提高土壤脲酶活性、烤烟根长度和根表面积、叶片谷氨酰胺合成酶和谷氨酸合成酶活性、吸氮量,烤烟吸氮量较CN和CF处理分别显著提高35.06%和14.24%。BF处理烤烟根系活力和体积、干物质量及产量最高,显著高于CN处理。不同施肥处理黄壤-烤烟体系氮素均明显盈余,氮素输入主要是土壤起始无机氮,氮素输出主要是土壤无机氮残留以及烤烟吸氮量。BF处理提高了0~20 cm土层无机氮的残留,氮素表观损失量显著减少44.42 kg·hm~(-2),氮素盈余量减少37.70 kg·hm~(-2),氮肥表观利用率显著提高16.15%。合理施用炭基肥是贵州烟区优化黄壤氮素管理和保护烟区农田生态环境的有效途径之一。 |
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其他语种文摘
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This study was conducted to explore effects of biochar-based fertilizer on physiology and nitrogen uptake of flue-cured tobacco and nitrogen balance in the yellow soil-flue-cured tobacco system, which will provide certain scientific guidance for optimizing nitrogen management in the yellow soil of the tobacco-planting areas in Guizhou and reducing pollution in the ecological environment of the farmland of tobacco-planting areas in Guizhou. A field experiment, carried out with flue-cured(Yunyan 87)in yellow soil for the study, was designed to have three treatments, i.e. no nitrogen (CN), conventional fertilizer (CF), biochar-based fertilizer (BF). Results show that Treatment BF significantly increased soil urease activity, root length and surface area, glutamine synthase and glutamate synthetase activities in leaves, and nitrogen uptake of flue-cured tobacco. Treatment BF was significantly 35.06% and 14.24% higher than Treatments CN and CF in nitrogen uptake of flue-cured tobacco, respectively. Treatment BF was the highest in activity, volume and dry biomass of root and yield of flue-cured tobacco, and significantly higher than Treatment CN. Nitrogen surplus was obviously detected in the yellow soil-flue-cured tobacco system in all the treatments, the nitrogen input was mainly the initial soil inorganic nitrogen, while the nitrogen output mainly consisted of soil inorganic nitrogen residue and nitrogen uptake of flue-cured tobacco. Treatment BF increased inorganic nitrogen residue in the 0-20 cm soil layer. Moreover, Treatment BF significantly decreased nitrogen apparent loss by 44.42 kg·hm~(-2), and decreased nitrogen surplus by 37.70 kg·hm~(-2), and significantly increased nitrogen apparent recovery efficiency by 16.15%. Therefore, the reasonable application of biochar-based fertilizer is an effective way to optimize management of nitrogen in the yellow soil and protect ecological environment of tobacco-planting areas in Guizhou. |
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来源
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土壤学报
,2022,59(3):864-872 【核心库】
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DOI
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10.11766/trxb202009290375
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关键词
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烤烟
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黄壤
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生物质炭
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氮素平衡
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根系
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地址
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贵州省烟草科学研究院, 烟草行业山地烤烟品质与生态重点实验室, 贵阳, 550081
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中国科学院地球化学研究所, 环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳, 550081
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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0564-3929 |
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学科
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农业基础科学;农作物 |
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基金
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国家自然科学基金项目
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贵州省烟草公司科技项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:7285935
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