贵屿及其上下游沉积物中23种金属元素的污染特征、来源和风险
Pollution characteristics, sources, and risks of 23 metallic elements in sediments from Guiyu and its upstream and downstream
查看参考文献40篇
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文摘
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近年来大量的文献报道了粗放式电子垃圾拆解区环境中的高浓度重金属污染,但对其是否迁移并影响周边、上下游地区的研究很少。本研究选取典型电子垃圾拆解区贵屿所在的练江进行沉积物采样并分析了其中的23种金属元素。结果表明,练江贵屿段沉积物中Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Y、Mo、Ag、Pd、Cd、Sn、Sb、Hg、Pb和Bi的浓度显著高于其上下游,但Li、Be、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、As和Ba的浓度与其上下游没有显著差异。贵屿沉积物中的金属污染存在显著的点位差异,这与其沿岸所从事的拆解活动类型不同有关,其中酸洗点附近浓度最高。因子分析结果表明,练江流域最主要的污染模式以Mn和Ba为主,其次是Cr、Pb和V,该模式对练江多数样品(60%以上)的浓度贡献比例大于40%;贵屿污染模式则以Cu为主,其次是Ni、Pb、Mn和Zn,该模式对贵屿及其下游部分样品有较高浓度贡献比例(51.8%~90.6%),证实了贵屿的高浓度金属污染可向下游迁移并造成影响,尤其是酸洗区。相比之下,露天焚烧所造成的污染迁移和影响相对有限,这可能与金属的赋存形态有关。根据地累积指数结果,练江流域沉积物中23种金属的污染程度顺序为Sn、Sb > Bi、Cu > Mo、Zn > Ni >Pb, 80%以上样品中的Sn和Sb处于偏中度污染及以上级别。所有样品中As、Mo、Sn、Sb、Pb和Bi的内梅罗指数均大于1,说明其在练江流域呈现富集状态,污染程度较高,内梅罗综合污染指数表明,练江所有沉积物样品均处于重金属重度及以上污染水平。练江77.4%的样品潜在生态风险值为极高级, 19.4%为中度或较高,仅练江源头为低风险级,大部分沉积物中的Sb污染都处于很高的生态风险级别。鉴于多种金属元素具有环境持久性、生物可利用性和毒性,其在练江水体的污染及迁移需要引起持续关注,尤其是Sb、Cu、Ni和Pb等,贵屿及其下游部分地区需采取合适的污染治理和修复措施。 |
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其他语种文摘
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Recently, many publications have reported the high heavy metal pollution in environments of e-waste recycling areas. However, studies on their pollution migration and the influence on surroundings or downstream regions are scarce. In this study, sediments were collected from the Lian River running through Guiyu, a typical e-waste recycling town, and analyzed for 23 metals. The results showed that the Guiyu region demonstrated significantly higher sedimental concentrations of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Mo, Ag, Pd, Cd, Sn, Sb, Hg, Pb, and Bi than upstream and downstream, whereas the concentrations of Li, Be, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, As, and Ba showed no significant differences. Clear site-specific distribution of these metals was observed in Guiyu sediments. This might have been related to the different recycling activities along its riverbank. Samples collected near acid processing sites showed the highest metallic concentrations. Factor analysis suggested that the main metallic pollution pattern of the Lian River was predominated by Mn and Ba, followed by Cr, Pb, and V. This pattern was dominant in most samples (>60%), with concentration contribution percentages of >40%; Cu was the major metal of the Guiyu pollution pattern, followed by Ni, Pb, Mn, and Zn. The Guiyu pattern showed high contribution percentages in some Guiyu samples and its downstream samples (51.8%-90.6%), which proved that the severe metallic pollution in Guiyu can migrate and influence its downstream area, especially acid processing areas. In contrast, the transportation and impact of metals released by open burning were limited. This might have been due to the chemical forms of these metals. According to the geo-accumulation indexes, metals in the Lian River sediments showed a contamination trend of Sn, Sb>Bi, Cu>Mo, Zn>Ni>Pb. Among them, Sn and Sb in >80% of samples were at moderate or higher pollution levels. The Nemerow indexes of As, Mo, Sn, Sb, Pb, and Bi in all samples were >1, thereby suggesting their accumulative and highly polluted status in the Lian River. However, the Nemerow comprehensive indexes indicated that heavy metals in all the Lian River sediments were at heavy or higher pollution levels. The potential ecological risk values of 77.4% of samples were extremely high, whereas 19.4% of samples showed moderate or comparatively high-risk levels. Only the river origin exhibited a low-risk level. Moreover, Sb in most sediments showed extremely high ecological risk levels. Because most metals exhibit environmental persistence, bioavailability, and toxicity, their pollution and migration in the Lian River merit continuous concern, especially of Sb, Cu, Ni, and Pb. Metallic pollution of Guiyu and its downstream requires appropriate control and remediation. |
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来源
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地球化学
,2021,50(5):513-524 【核心库】
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DOI
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10.19700/j.0379-1726.2021.02.010
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关键词
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重金属
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电子垃圾
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源解析
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风险评价
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迁移
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地址
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1.
长江大学资源与环境学院, 湖北, 武汉, 430074
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华南师范大学环境学院环境研究院, 广东省化学品污染与环境安全重点实验室, 广东, 广州, 510006
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中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 有机地球化学国家重点实验室;;广东省环境资源利用与保护重点实验室, 广东, 广州, 510640
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中国科学院大学, 北京, 100049
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东莞理工学院生态环境与建筑工程学院, 广东, 东莞, 523808
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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0379-1726 |
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学科
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地质学;环境污染及其防治 |
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基金
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广东省自然科学基金
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广东省广州市科技计划项目
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广东省科技计划项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:7094143
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