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新型冠状病毒肺炎对社区老年人焦虑症状的影响
Impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on anxiety among the elderly in community

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王志会 1   齐士格 1   张晗 1   毛佩贤 2   何燕玲 3   李娟 4   肖水源 5   彭华茂 6   孙薇薇 7   郭浩岩 1 *   刘明 8 *  
文摘 目的研究分析新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情前和疫情期间老年人焦虑状况差异及影响因素,为突发公共卫生事件下老年人心理干预提供科学依据。方法于2020年4至5月采取方便抽样方法在2019年实施全国老年人心理关爱项目的818个社区中,从完成心理健康状况评估的188 407名65岁及以上常住老年居民中抽取6467名作为调查对象。采用结构化问卷随访调查疫情期间焦虑状况以及影响因素。数据录入与管理采用该项目专门开发的“老年人心理关爱项目信息管理系统”完成。采用McNemar检验比较老年人疫情前(2019年10月至2020年1月23日)和疫情期间(2020年4至5月)焦虑症状检出率的差异,采用χ~2检验比较不同特征老年人焦虑症状检出率的差异,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析疫情前和疫情期间焦虑症状的影响因素。结果调查的老年人群焦虑症状检出率在疫情前为4.95%(95%CI:4.42%~5.48%),疫情期间为10.10%(95%CI:9.36%~10.83%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),疫情期间调查人群的焦虑症状检出率较疫情前增长了约1倍。疫情前存在焦虑症状的危险因素是患一种疾病(OR=1.57,95%CI:1.05~2.37)、患两种及以上疾病(OR=3.10,95%CI: 2.13~4.51) ,而有兴趣爱好、子女关系好、配偶关系好、有积极老化态度、心理韧性好则是保护性因素(均P<0.05)。疫情期间新发生焦虑症状的危险因素有:居住在农村(OR=1.77,95%CI:1.42~ 2.20)、平时参加社会活动(OR=1.23,95%CI: 1.02~1.48)、朋友关系好(OR=1.42,95%CI:1.11~1.82)、本人或身边有人被医学隔离(OR=2.80,95%CI:1.90~4.13)。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎流行导致老年人群焦虑症状检出率较往常成倍增长,应重点关注农村以及本人或身边有人被医学隔离的老年人的心理状态。
其他语种文摘 Objective To compare the prevalence of anxiety among old people before and during the COVID-19 epidemic in China, and to provide scientific evidence for psychological intervention of the elderly during public health emergencies. Methods In 2019,the National Psychological Care Project for the Elderly was launched, covering 818 communities across the country, and 188 407 subjects received psychological assessment. In April and May 2020, a convenient sample of 6 467 aged 65 and above subjects were followed up on the anxiety status and its influencing factors during the epidemic period by using structurized questionnaire. Data collection and management were carried out using the national elderly psychological care project data collection platform. McNemar test was used to compare the difference of the prevalence of anxiety among elderly before (October 2019 to January 23,2020) and during the epidemic (April-May 2020). The difference of the prevalence of anxiety among elderly with different characteristics was compared by chi square test. The influencing factors of anxiety before and during the epidemic situation were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model. Results The prevalence of anxiety symptoms in the elderly population was 4.95% (95%CI: 4.42%-5.48%) before the outbreak of COVID-19, and 10.10% (95%CI: 9.36% - 10.83%) during the epidemic which was twice as high as before the outbreak. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of anxiety symptoms before the outbreak were with one underlying disease (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.05-2.37), with two or more underlying diseases (OR=3.10, 95%CI: 2.13-4.51), and the protective factors were with hobbies, good relationship between children, good relationship with spouse, positive aging attitude and good psychological resilience (all P<0.05). The risk factors of developing anxiety symptoms during the epidemic were living in rural areas (OR=1.77, 95%CI: 1.42-2.20), participating in social activities regularly (OR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.02-1.48), having a good relationship with friends (OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.11-1.82) and were quarantined or people around were quarantined for medical observation (OR=2.80, 95% CI: 1.90-4.13). Conclusion The COVID-19 epidemic leads to a double increase in anxiety among the elderly. We should pay more attention to the psychological state of the elderly in rural area and who is being quarantined or people around being quarantined for medical observation.
来源 中华医学杂志 ,2020,100(40):3179-3185 【核心库】
DOI 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200720-02167
关键词 肺炎,病毒性 ; 新型冠状病毒肺炎 ; 老年人 ; 焦虑 ; 队列研究
地址

1. 中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心, 北京, 100050  

2. 首都医科大学附属北京安定医院老年科, 北京, 100088  

3. 上海精神卫生中心精神科, 上海, 200030  

4. 中国科学院心理研究所, 北京, 100101  

5. 中南大学湘雅医院心理卫生中心, 长沙, 410078  

6. 北京师范大学心理学部, 北京, 100875  

7. 中央财经大学社会与心理学院, 北京, 100081  

8. 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会老龄健康司, 北京, 100044

语种 中文
文献类型 研究性论文
ISSN 0376-2491
学科 医药、卫生
文献收藏号 CSCD:6838117

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引证文献 4 篇

1 齐士格 中国社区老年人对新型冠状病毒肺炎认知情况及其对焦虑症状影响 中国公共卫生,2021,37(7):1138-1142
被引 1 次

2 顾宫 武汉雷神山医院部分病区320例COVID-19患者康复期随访研究 中国感染控制杂志,2022,21(8):729-741
被引 1 次

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