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干热河谷冲沟沟头活跃度对植物群落结构的影响
Differences in vegetation community structure in hot-dry valleys in Yunnan Province related to valley stability

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何周窈 1,2   王勇 1 *   苏正安 2   杨鸿琨 3   周涛 2  
文摘 为研究干热河谷冲沟沟头活跃程度对植被物种组成及其群落结构的影响,从而服务于冲沟植被恢复过程中最佳植被配置,采用典型样地法对元谋县内22条冲沟进行实地调查。研究结果表明:1)冲沟内植物种类随着沟头的稳定程度增加而增加,其中活跃型冲沟内植物12科28属共28种,半稳定型冲沟内植物16科29属共29种,稳定型冲沟内植物15科35属共37种;2)不同活跃程度的冲沟植被群落按生活型可分为3个层次,一是以扭黄茅为优势种,孔颖草、三芒草为次优种的草本层;二是以车桑子为优势种,银合欢为次优种的灌木层;三是以印楝为优势种,桉树为次优种的乔木层,但活跃型冲沟无乔木层;3)冲沟乔木层、灌木层和草本层的植被盖度均随着冲沟沟头稳定性的增加而增加,表现为稳定型冲沟>半稳定型冲沟>活跃型冲沟;4)不同活跃程度的冲沟沟头群落结构均以多年生草本和灌木为主,乔木种类较少,优势物种相同且占有显著地位,但随着冲沟沟头的逐渐稳定,乔木数量和多样性均逐渐增加;5)活跃型冲沟、半稳定型冲沟、稳定型冲沟之间草本层、灌木层、乔木层的植物群落相似性分别表现为中等相似、极为相似、极度不相似,且冲沟不同恢复阶段灌木层中植物有趋同演化的趋势,共有程度很高,冲沟沟头活跃程度对灌木层植物群落功能造成的影响小于对草本层和乔木层植物群落。总体而言,不同活跃程度的冲沟沟头植被群落结构之间具有显著差异,研究结果将为冲沟生态恢复提供科学依据。
其他语种文摘 In this research,field surveys of species composition and vegetation community structure of 22gullies in the hot-dry valley region of Yuanmou County in Yunnan Province were carried out using standard vegetation sampling methods to study the plant community structure in gullies with different activity levels.As the gully stability increased,the number of plant species also increased.Twenty-eight species of plants belonging to 28 genera of 12families,were found in active gullies.Twenty-nine species of plants belonging to 29genera of 16 families,were found in semi-stable gullies.Thirty-seven species of plants belonging to 35genera of 15families were discovered in stable gullies.Based on plant form,the gully vegetation communities could be divided into three layers(herb layer,shrub layer and tree layer)which varied with the activity level of the gullies.No tree layer was found in the active gullies.The dominant species in the herb layer was Heteropogon contortus,with Bothriochloa pertusa and Aristida adscensionis as sub-dominant species.The dominant species in the shrub layer was Dodonaea viscosa,with Leucaena leucocephalaas the sub-dominant species.The dominant species of the tree layer was Azadirachta Indica,with Eucalyptus robustaas the sub-dominant species.As the gully stability increased,so also did the coverage of its vegetation community.The plant communities in gullies with differing activity levels were all dominated by perennial herbs and shrubs,with a smaller number of tree species of trees,in which the dominant species were the same and played similar roles in the plant communities.However,with increasing stability of gullies,the number and diversity of trees gradually increased.For active gullies,semi-stable gullies and stable gullies,the plant community similarities were comparatively similar in the herb layer,extremely similar in the shrub layer,and extremely different in the tree layer.As the stability of a gully changed,the tendency for the plant community matured without species change in the shrub layer was evident.However,for the herb layer and tree layer,as the gully stability increased with time the species composition of the vegetation community evolved.These results indicate that the activity status of a gully plays an important role in determining the community structure of the tree layers,while the community structure of the shrub layer was less affected by the activity status of the gully.In summary,an obvious difference in vegetation structure was evident between gullies with different activity status,and this information could provide a scientific basis for gully ecological restoration decisions and for formulation of future studies.
来源 草业学报 ,2020,29(9):28-37 【核心库】
DOI 10.11686/cyxb2019529
关键词 冲沟 ; 群落结构 ; 重要值 ; 多样性指数 ; 相似性 ; 植被恢复
地址

1. 四川农业大学林学院, 四川, 成都, 611130  

2. 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室, 四川, 成都, 610041  

3. 成都理工大学环境与土木工程学院, 四川, 成都, 610059

语种 中文
文献类型 研究性论文
ISSN 1004-5759
学科 植物学
基金 国家重点研发计划 ;  国家973计划 ;  四川省应用基础研究科技计划项
文献收藏号 CSCD:6806657

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引证文献 2 篇

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