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早孕期胎儿颜面正中矢状切面各指标的超声研究及临床意义

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文摘 胎儿颜面部畸形在出生后即可很直观的被发现,因此在早孕期及时将这些异常诊断出来具有重要临床意义。胎儿颜面轮廓包含巨大的信息量,可将这些丰富的信息转变为简易的几条线或者超声测量指标。早孕期(孕11~13+6周)测量胎儿颈项透明层(nuchal translucency,NT)的标准切面为胎儿面部正中矢状切面,在此切面上除可常规测量NT厚度、观察有无鼻骨(nasal bone, NB)外,尚可在此切面上获得更多信息。如观察颅内透明层(intracranial translucency, IT)有无及测量颅内透明层厚度,测量鼻骨长度(nasal bone length, NBL)、鼻前组织厚度(prenasal thickness, PT),测量上颌间隙(maxillary gap)宽度,计算鼻前组织厚度与鼻骨长度之比(prenasal thickness/nasal bone length, PT/NBL)。测量颜面角度包括:额-上颌角(frontomaxillary facial angle, FMF)、面-上颌角(facial maxillary angle, FMA)、面下部角(inferior facial angle,IFA)、上颌-鼻根-下颌角(maxilla-nasion-mandible angle,MNM)、下颌-上颌线(mandibulo-maxillary line,MML)、额前空间距离(frontal space, FS)、颜面轮廓线(facial profile line, FPL)、额前空间比例(prefrontal space ratio,PFSR)等,这些指标的异常可能会在早孕期提示胎儿异常,包括染色体异常(如21-三体综合征、18-三体综合征等)、开放性脊柱裂、唇腭裂、小下颌或下颌回缩、某些遗传综合征(如Pierre-Robin综合征、Treacher-Collin综合征)等。本文旨在对这些早孕期筛查胎儿颜面部畸形的超声测量方法、测量指标的相关研究及其临床意义综述如下。
来源 中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ,2020,17(1):79-84 【核心库】
DOI 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2020.01.015
关键词 早孕期 ; 胎儿颜面正中矢状切面 ; 超声
地址

南京医科大学附属苏州医院苏州市立医院超声中心, 215002

语种 中文
文献类型 研究性论文
ISSN 1672-6448
学科 医药、卫生
文献收藏号 CSCD:6703512

参考文献 共 51 共3页

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引证文献 3

1 郑晨晗 早孕期(孕11~13~(+6)周)胎儿唇腭裂的超声诊断 中华超声影像学杂志,2021,30(8):697-702
被引 3

2 潘文雄 早中孕期胎儿唇腭裂的产前超声诊断研究进展 中华超声影像学杂志,2022,31(3):272-277
被引 1

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