地质体中藿烷类新化合物研究进展
Advances on novel hopanoids present in geological bodies
查看参考文献79篇
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文摘
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藿烷类化合物是分子有机地球化学中最常用的五环三萜类化合物,它是地质体中普遍存在、种类最多和最丰富的一类生物标志物,它的前身物是特殊细菌来源烃类骨架的"生物藿烷类"。由于生物藿烷类骨架的侧链上富含极性官能团,很容易在成岩作用和后生作用中发生异构化,转变为种类繁多的"地质藿烷"新化合物,成为追索与判识地球化学来源、过程和机制的有效生物标志物。藿烷类化合物及其相关参数最早被成功应用于石油地球化学勘探中,是油-油、油-源对比、有机质成熟度和油气运移等判识的有效生物标志物,现已被扩展应用于微生物多样性、气候变化和早期生命演化等许多研究领域中。为便于读者和各类研究人员熟悉和掌握结构/官能团复杂、变化多样的藿烷类化合物,本文主要梳理和回顾了21世纪以来文献报道的、在地质体中发现、鉴定的部分藿烷类新化合物的结构及其质谱图,包括不同碳位的藿烯类、异藿烷、侧链延长的藿烷类、重排藿烷、芳构化藿烷、含硫和含氮藿烷等新化合物。 |
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其他语种文摘
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Hopanoids are the most commonly used pentacyclic triterpenoids in molecular organic geochemistry that are widely detected and used as biomarkers in geological bodies. Their precursors are "biohopanoids", which generally of comprising compounds with hydrocarbon skeletons derived from some special bacteria. Due to the presence of different polar groups rich in their molecular skeletons, biohopanoids are easily isomerized under diagenetic and metagenetic environments and processes. Hopanoids have been reported to be useful biomarkers for tracing and determining diverse processes and mechanisms of geochemistry by their transformation into a wide variety of new compounds called "geohopanoids". Hopanoids and their related parameters have been successfully applied to petroleum geochemical exploration, where they were used as a type of effective biomarker to trace oil/oil, oil/source correlation, organic matter maturity, and oil and gas migration. They have extensively been used to study microbial diversity, climate change, early life evolution, and other areas. In this study, we investigated the structure and mass spectra of some novel hopanoids reported in geological bodies since the 21st century, including hopenes that have different carbon sites; isohopanes, whose side-chain are more extended than hopanes; rearranged hopanes; aromatized hopanes; sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing hopanes; and precursors of hopanoids. |
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来源
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地球化学
,2019,48(5):421-446 【核心库】
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DOI
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10.19700/j.0379-1726.2019.05.001
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关键词
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生物标志物
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藿烷类
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分子结构
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质谱图
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地址
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中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 广东, 广州, 510640
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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综述型 |
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ISSN
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0379-1726 |
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学科
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地质学 |
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基金
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中国科学院广州地球化学研究所135项目
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国家自然科学基金
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:6580887
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