施肥对坡地土壤团聚体与磷素赋存形态的影响
Effects of Fertilization on Soil Aggregates and Phosphorus Fractions of Sloping Upland of Purple Soil
查看参考文献31篇
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文摘
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紫色土为长江上游农耕区主要土壤,多分布在山地丘陵区,其耕层较薄(30~80 cm),土壤养分质量分数普遍偏低,作物养分利用率低,但目前国内外关于团聚体尺度耕作土壤的磷素分异与循环规律的研究较少.为深入了解紫色土坡耕地长期施肥过程中的磷素养分库容和供应机制,本研究基于2002年开始的长期施肥定位试验,分析研究了西南紫色土区玉米/小麦轮作制度不同施肥方式下土壤团聚体发育特征,并结合碳、氮转化过程探讨紫色土培肥过程中磷素赋存形态及转化规律.结果表明:长期有机无机配合施肥促进大团聚体的形成,不同施肥平均重量直径(MWD)依次为:OMNPK>RSDNPK>NPK>CK;长期施肥均不同程度提高了各粒径土壤团聚体中有机碳、全氮、全磷、速效磷及各形态无机磷(Ex-P,Al-P,Ca-P,Or-P)质量分数,其中主要提高了较大团聚体(>2,0.25~ 2 mm)中养分质量分数.无机肥配施粪肥处理提升有机碳和全氮的效果优于无机肥配施秸秆,而对全磷和速效磷提升效果则相反.长期有机无机配合施用可有效提高各粒径团聚体中Ex-P,Al-P,Ca-P和Or-P质量分数,并促进Al-P,Ca-P向大团聚体转移,提高了土壤对有效磷素的保持能力.有机质添加处理在提高土壤有机碳和有机磷质量分数的同时,也对土壤磷素转化、提高磷素有效性具有重要影响. |
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其他语种文摘
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Purple soil is a major soil type in the agricultural areas in the upper reaches of the Yangtze river.It is distributed mainly in mountainous and hilly regions,with a rather shallow tillage layer(30-80 cm) and relatively low nutrient contents.Plant nutrient use efficiency is low on it.But there are few studies on the phosphorus cycling at aggregate level for agricultural soils.In order to have a better understanding of the effects of long-term fertilization on soil phosphorus stock and fractions,this study utilized the longterm fertilization experiment with an intensive wheat-maize cropping system to investigate the soil aggregate distribution,phosphorus factions and possible transformation pathways in comparison with carbon and nitrogen at aggregate levels through four fertilization treatments:no fertilizer(CK),mineral fertilizers(NPK),pig manure with mineral fertilizers(OMNPK)and crop straw residue with mineral fertilizers(RSDNPK).Soil samples from 0-20 cm soil layer were separated into four soil aggregations:large macroaggregates(>2 mm),small macroaggregates(0.25-2 mm),microaggregates(<0.25mm)and slitclay microaggregates(<0.053 mm),using the wet sieving method.The results showed that organic fertilizers combined with inorganic fertilization promoted the formation of larger aggregates,with the mean weight diameter(MWD)order of OMNPK>RSDNPK>NPK>CK.Long-term fertilizer application increased,in different degrees,the contents of TN,TP,available P and other P fractions(Ex-P,Al-P,Ca-P and Or-P)in soil aggregates,especially in the larger ones(>2 mm and 0.25-2 mm)and promoted the shift of Al-P and Ca-P to the larger aggregates,thus improving the retention of available P in the soil.Compared with RSDNPK,the treatment OMNPK had better performance in enhancing SOC and TN,while the opposite was true for TP and available P.The addition of organic matter elevated the contents of soil organic carbon(SOC)and soil organic phosphorus,promoted the transformation of soil phosphorus and improved phosphorus availability. |
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来源
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西南大学学报. 自然科学版
,2019,41(7):105-115 【扩展库】
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DOI
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10.13718/j.cnki.xdzk.2019.07.015
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关键词
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长期施肥试验
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紫色土
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土壤团聚体
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磷素形态
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地址
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1.
中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 成都, 610041
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中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京, 100049
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西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院, 成都, 611756
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1673-9868 |
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学科
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自然地理学;农业基础科学 |
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基金
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国家重点研发计划项目
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国家重大科技专项
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:6579220
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