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激光干涉引力波空间阵列核心问题的综合讨论
Overall discussion on the key problems of a space-borne laser interferometer gravitational wave antenna

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罗子人 ¹ 张敏 ² 靳刚 ^1,2 ^*

文摘	空间激光干涉引力波探测计划,例如欧洲航天局主导和美国参加的LISA(Laser Interferometer Space Antenna)计划、中国的“太极”计划和“天琴”计划等,瞄准中低频段(0.1 mHz~1 Hz)的引力波波源.这个频段的引力波事件被认为具有更重要的天文学、宇宙学以及物理学意义,其典型的波源包括超大(和中等)质量黑洞双星的并合、极端(和中等)质量比黑洞双星的绕转、银河系内数以百万计的致密双星系统以及随机引力波背景等.
其他语种文摘	Unlike their ground-based counterparts, space-borne laser interferometer gravitational wave detection missions focus on the gravitational wave sources in the lower frequency band between 0.1 mHz and 1 Hz. Various gravitational wave sources in such a frequency band are believed to be of considerable interest in astronomy and cosmology. The typical gravitational wave sources of a space-borne laser interferometer gravitational wave antenna are the super (intermediate) mass black hole merger, extreme (intermediate) mass ratio in-spiral, galactic binaries of compact stars, and stochastic gravitational wave background. The gravitational wave sources within the 0.1 mHz-1 Hz frequency band can help us understand the mystery of the universe's structural formation, evolution of massive black holes and its harbored galaxies, nature of gravity near the horizon of these massive black holes, and history of the early universe beyond the cosmic microwave background. To design a mission to achieve the abovementioned scientific impacts, considerable attention should be paid to several issues, such as orbital design and arm-length choice. The success of a space-borne laser interferometer gravitational wave detection mission requires a pico-meter precision inter-satellite laser ranging interferometer system and a state-of-the-art drag-free control system because of the weakness of the gravitational wave signals. The inter-satellite laser ranging interferometer system comprises four subsystems: stable laser source, stable laser telescope, ultra-precise laser interferometer, and ultra-precise phasemeter. Techniques, such as arm-locking, time-delay interferometry, sideband scheme, differential wave-front sensing, and pointing control, should be employed to suppress the laser frequency noise, clock frequency noise, and laser pointing jitter noise. Additionally, the ultra-precise laser interferometer needs to integrate the following functionalities: laser acquisition, laser ranging, laser communication, and clock synchronization. Conversely, the drag-free control system has the following three components: inertial sensor, micro-thruster, and drag-free controller. The inertial sensor is used to sense the displacement between the spacecraft and proof mass and send the signal to the drag-free controller. Further, the controller commands the micro-thruster to push the spacecraft to maintain the proof mass' position centered at the electrostatic cage of the inertial sensor. The space laser interferometer gravitational wave antenna is also a highly complex system in debt of the high degree of coupling between a subsystem and the high confusion of the enormous quantity of signals. An end-to-end numerical simulator might be essential in helping us understand the problems of data analysis, optimization of the configuration of the spacecraft and payload, and optimization of the mission design to solve the problem caused by complexity and to enhance the scientific output. Additionally, a more careful investigation of the levels 1 and 2 data analyses investigating the scientific impacts of the gravitational wave sources is also needed. The key problems of the abovementioned space-borne laser interferometer gravitational wave detection missions are generally discussed. Moreover, a brief history of the space-borne laser interferometer gravitational wave detection missions, including LISA, which is the ESA-NASA joint space-borne gravitational wave antenna; Taiji, which is the space-borne gravitational wave mission proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences; and TianQin, which is a geocentric orbit space-borne gravitational wave mission raised by Sun Yat-sen University, is reviewed. Finally, the conclusions and future prospect of the Chinese space laser interferometer gravitational wave detection missions are outlined.
来源	科学通报 ,2019,64(24):2468-2474 【核心库】
DOI	10.1360/TB-2019-0055
关键词	空间激光干涉引力波探测计划 ; 低频段 ; 绕转
地址	1. 中国科学院力学研究所, 北京, 100190 2. 中国科学院大学工程科学学院, 北京, 100049
语种	中文
文献类型	研究性论文
ISSN	0023-074X
学科	天文学
基金	中国科学院战略性先导科技专项 ; 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项
文献收藏号	CSCD:6574570

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引证文献 5 篇

1 王璐钰空间激光干涉仪激光抖动噪声抑制研究中国光学（中英文）,2021,14(6):1426-1434
被引 3 次

2 王坦引力波探测中的噪声抑制技术综述天文学进展,2022,40(4):556-574
被引 0 次

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