基于GF-1卫星影像的金川县泥石流沟空间分布特征研究
Research on debris flow gully spatial distribution characteristics in Jinchuan County based on GF-1 satellite image
查看参考文献24篇
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文摘
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泥石流的空间分布、发育特征是区域泥石流监测预警、风险评价等防灾减灾工作的基础。四川省金川县地处川西高原区,泥石流频发,本文以GF-1遥感影像为数据源,建立泥石流沟解译标志,共解译确定泥石流沟处。利用GIS空间分析方法对泥石流沟分布与髙程、坡度、水系和地层岩性的关系进行定量分析,研究了金川县泥石流沟的空间分布规律及特征。分析了金川县各泥石流沟流域形态、沟床纵比降、沟道坡岸特征,结果表明:(1)区内泥石流分布受水系、高程、坡度、地层岩性影响明显,主要分布于大金川及其支流区域的咯尔、庆宁、河东、河西、独松、卡撒等乡镇,高程2000~ 3 000 m的区域共有泥石流沟197处,占总数量的77%,坡度15°~30°的区域,共有泥石流沟134处,占总数量的52%,砂岩、板岩区域,有泥石流沟225处,占总数量的88 %;(2)区内泥石流沟流域形状比均介于0.15 ~ 1.2之间,其中形状比0.2 ~0.4之间的有161条,占总数量的62.9 %,表明泥石流沟以长圆形为主,有利于水流汇集,具有充足的水动力条件,71%的泥石流沟道沟床纵比降介于200‰~600‰之间,多为易发性泥石流沟床坡降,泥石流沟岸坡坡度介于25°~70°这一泥石流高易发坡度区的面积为1414.79 km~2,占全县所有泥石流沟总面积的60.4%,表明金川县泥石流沟道多为高易发泥石流区。其研究结果对金川县泥石流监测预警、风险分析和科学减灾决策等具有重要的理论和现实意义。 |
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其他语种文摘
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The spatial distribution and development characteristics of debris flow are the basis for monitoring and early warning, risk assessment and other disaster prevention and mitigation work. Jinchuan County is located in the West of Sichuan Plateau area, and the debris flow occurs frequently in this area. In this research, the GF-1 remote sensing images were used as the data source to establish the debris flow gully interpretation sign,and the total of 256 debris flow gullies were identified and interpreted. Then the GIS spatial analysis method is used to quantitatively analyze the relationship between debris flow distribution and elevation,slope,water system and formation lithology. The spatial distribution law and characteristics of debris flow gully in Jinchuan County were summarized. Finally,the characteristics of the watershed shape ratio,the gully ratio and the slope gradient of the debris flow gully in Jinchuan County were analyzed in this paper. The results show that:(1) the distribution of debris flow in the area is obviously affected by water system,elevation,slope and strati graphic lithology. The debris flow gullies occur mainly distributed in Geer, Qingning, Hedong, Hexi,Suisong, Kasza and other townships in the Dajinchuan basin. There are 197 debris flow gullies are located in the elevation between 2 000 and 3 000 meter, accounting for 77% of the total debris flow gullies. And 134 debris flow gullies are located in the area of slopes from 15°to 30°, accounting for 52% of the total debris flow gullies. And there are 225 debris flow gullies are located in sandstone and slate areas, accounting for 88% of the total debris flow gullies. (2) The watershed shape ratios of debris flow gullies in the study area are between 0.15 and 1.2. And there are 161 debris flow basins shape ratio are between 0.2 and 0.4,accounting for 62.9% of the total number. The result shows that the debris flow gullies are mainly composed by the shape of long and circles, which is favorable to the water flow and has sufficient hydrodynamic conditions. And 71 % of the debris flows'gully ratios drop between 200‰~600‰,they are mostly prone to debris flow. The slope gradients of debris flows gully are between 25° and 70° which the area are 1 414.79 km~2,accounting for 60.4% of the total area of the debris flow basins in the whole county. It indicates that the debris flow gully in Jinchuan County are mostly the high-prone areas. The results can provide scientific basis for the regional debris flows monitoring and early warning, disaster prevention and mitigation, the development of social economy and so on. |
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来源
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自然灾害学报
,2019,28(2):160-168 【核心库】
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DOI
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10.13577/j.jnd.2019.0218
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关键词
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金川县
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泥石流
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遥感解译
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空间分布特征
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泥石流发育特征
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地址
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1.
西南石油大学土木工程与建筑学院, 四川, 成都, 610500
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中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室, 北京, 100101
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中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 四川, 成都, 610041
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1004-4574 |
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学科
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大气科学(气象学);灾害及其防治 |
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基金
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中国水利水电科学研究院全国山洪灾害调查评价项目
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国家自然科学基金项目
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西藏自治区科技支撑计划项目
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西南石油大学科技创新团队项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:6509899
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