泥石流浆体黏度计算中最大体积分数的确定
Determination of the Maximum Packing Fraction for Calculating Slurry Viscosity of Debris Flow
查看参考文献30篇
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文摘
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泥石流浆体的黏度是泥石流运动模型中的重要参数。利用相对黏度-颗粒体积分数的计算方法得到浆体黏度需要最大体积分数这一关键参数。本文利用不同来源泥石流堆积物中的细颗粒部分配置浆体开展流变实验,研究最大体积分数的确定方法。首先利用Anton Paar MCR301流变仪的同心圆筒系统测量每个细颗粒土体在不同颗粒体积分数下的流变曲线,通过宾汉模型得到各样品的塑性黏度,进而计算其与同温度下清水的相对黏度。然后利用6个应用较为广泛的相对黏度-颗粒体积分数计算方法对实验数据进行拟合,对各方法拟合的最大体积分数进行比较,分析其与细颗粒土体的特征体积分数(随机疏松堆积体积分数、随机密实堆积体积分数、击实体积分数、沉积稳定体积分数)的关系。结果显示对于同一土体配置的浆体,不同计算方法拟合的最大体积分数有所不同,但是同一种方法得到的不同土体的最大体积分数与土体的击实体积分数存在显著的线性关系,据此建立了各计算方法中最大体积分数的经验计算式。此外还建立了浆体相对黏度与颗粒体积分数、击实体积分数之间的指数关系式,该式可用于估算中等浓度和高浓度浆体与清水的相对黏度。 |
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其他语种文摘
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The slurry viscosity is an important parameter for the numerical simulation of debris flows. It is usually calculated by formulas which define the relationship between relative viscosity (ηr) and particle volume fraction (φ) . However,the maximum packing fraction (φm) is pre-requisite when using these formulas. It represents the solid fraction at which the relative viscosity approaches infinity. To study the method for determining the maximum packing fraction,fine particle samples (≤1 mm) collected at nine debris-flow gullies,most of which were located in the area affected by the Wenchuan Earthquake,were used to perform rheological tests. The median grain size of the geo-materials ranged from 0. 011 to 0. 081 mm. Slurries with different solid concentrations were prepared for each type of sample. The shear stress-rotational speed curves were measured using the concentric cylinder system of an Anton Paar MCR301 rheometer,and they were further used to derive the plastic viscosity with the Bingham model. Then the relative viscosity was computed as the ratio of the plastic viscosity of the slurry to the viscosity of water measured at a same temperature. Six widely used η_r - φ formulas were finally utilized to derive φm for each sample based on the associated experimental data. Values of φ_m obtained from different formulas were examined. The relations between φm and some characteristic solid fractions of the experimental samples,including random loose packing fraction,random close packing fraction,compaction fraction,and deposition fraction,were also analyzed. It revealed that different η_r -φ formulas would give different φm values for the same geo-material. However,a linear relationship was found between φ_m and the compaction fraction for a given η_r -φ formula. Consequently,empirical relationships had been established to estimate the φ_m parameter in η_r - φ formulas employed in the present study. Moreover,an exponential relationship was found between ηr and φ/φCP . These findings are expected to be useful in estimating the plastic viscosity of mud slurries with medium to high concentrations. |
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来源
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山地学报
,2018,36(3):382-390 【核心库】
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DOI
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10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000334
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关键词
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泥石流
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浆体
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黏度
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最大体积分数
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宾汉模型
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地址
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1.
中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室, 中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室, 成都, 610041
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中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 成都, 610041
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中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院, 重庆, 400714
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1008-2786 |
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学科
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地质学;水利工程 |
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基金
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国家自然科学基金项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:6281975
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