北京市郊区冬季大气PM_(2.5)中HBCDs和DPs的污染特征
Pollution Characteristics of Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) and Dechlorane Plus (DPs) in Fine Particulate Matter (PM_(2.5)) in Beijing Suburb in Winter
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文摘
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雾霾污染是中国当前非常突出的环境问题,然而,对不同天气条件(雾霾和晴天)下持久性有机污染物(POPs)的行为和归趋却缺乏认识。在北京北部郊区采集了冬季PM_(2.5)样品,对其中的两类具有POPs性质的卤代阻燃剂(HFRs)——六溴环十二烷(HBCDs)和双(六氯-环戊二烯)环辛烷(DPs)进行了分析,旨在认识HBCDs和DPs在不同污染天气状况下的污染特征、组成变化和在区域大气中的传输。结果表明,北京郊区冬季PM_(2.5)中HBCDs和DPs的平均质量浓度分别为50.3 pg·m~(-3)和2.45 pg·m~(-3),与其他地区相比处于中等水平。HBCDs和DPs在雾霾天的质量浓度显著(3~6倍)高于晴天,这与污染物排放量增加、风速降低及逆温边界层稳定等不利于污染物扩散的因素有关。污染物质量浓度与相对湿度显著相关,很可能是由于湿度促进污染物通过气-粒分配吸附于颗粒物中。PM_(2.5)中anti-DP异构体所占的比例(f_(anti)值)为0.77±0.07,与其在工业品中的组成相近并在采样期间变化较小,说明DPs以本地排放或近距离传输为主。HBCDs的立体异构体组成以α-HBCD为主,不同于工业品中以γ-HBCD为主的组成。天气条件对两类污染物的组成影响较小。污染物潜在源区分析(PSCF)模型显示,人口密度高的北京市区以及周边河北省的一些工业城市是这两类HFRs主要来源区域,并且,HBCDs的组成在采样期间的变化与其区域传输的改变有关。 |
其他语种文摘
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Haze-fog pollution is a prominent environmental problem in China. However, few efforts have been made to elucidate the influence of weather conditions (haze-fog and clear day) on the behavior and fate of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Here daily fine particulate matters (PM_(2.5)) samples, which were collected in a suburban region in northern Beijing in winter, were analyzed for two halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) and dechlorane plus (DPs). We aimed to understand the pollution characteristics, isomer compositions and regional atmospheric transport. The average concentrations of HBCDs and DPs were 50.3 pg·m~(-3) and 2.45 pg·m~(-3), respectively, which were amongst the median concentrations reported in the atmosphere in other regions in the world. The concentrations of HBCD and DP during haze-fog days were significantly higher (3-6 times) than those during clear days. This could be due to increased emissions and/or reduced wind speed and stable boundary layer that didn't favor the spread of pollutants. The HFR concentrations were significantly related to relative humidity. The likely explanation is that humidity promoted the adsorption of pollutants to particles through gas-particle partitioning. The fractions of anti-DP isomer (f_(anti)) in PM_(2.5) was 0.77±0.07 on average, which was similar to that of technical DP products. The variation of f_(anti) was small during the sampling period, indicating that DPs were mainly from local emissions or short-range transport. The compositions of HBCDs, dominated by α-HBCD in the air, were different from those in commercial technical products (dominated by γ-HBCD).Our results showed that weather conditions had a little influence on the compositions of the two HFRs. The potential source contribution function (PSCF) model indicated that southern and eastern Beijing downtown areas with high population density and industrial cities in Hebei Province were the major source regions of the HFRs. The change in the compositions of HBCDs was related to the regional transport as well. |
来源
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生态环境学报
,2018,27(5):892-899 【核心库】
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DOI
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10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2018.05.014
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关键词
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卤代阻燃剂(HFRs)
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PM_(2.5)
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雾霾
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区域传输
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潜在源区分析
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地址
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1.
中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 广东, 广州, 510640
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中国科学院大学, 北京, 100049
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语种
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中文 |
文献类型
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研究性论文 |
ISSN
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1674-5906 |
学科
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环境科学基础理论 |
基金
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国家自然科学基金项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:6247344
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