全国山洪灾害调查评价成果及规律初探
Achievements and Preliminary Analysis on China National Flash Flood Disasters Investigation and Evaluation
查看参考文献24篇
|
文摘
|
山洪灾害调查评价是1949年来水利行业最大的非工程措施项目,是规模最大的全国性防灾减灾基础信息普查工程,历时4年,涉及全国30个省305个市2138个防治县(区),国土面积755万km~2,人口近9亿。运用普查、详查、外业测量、分析计算等多种手段,掌握了中国山洪灾害防治区范围、人员分布、下垫面条件、社会经济、历史山洪灾害等基本情况,科学分析了山丘区小流域的暴雨洪水特性,评价了现状防洪能力,计算了预警指标,划定了危险区,为山洪灾害预警预报和应急救援决策提供了基础信息支撑。本文系统介绍了全国山洪灾害调查评价的核心要点,综述了调查评价成果,归纳了调查评价成果要素类型,揭示了全国山洪灾害防治区、人口、历史山洪灾害事件与预警能力的空间分布一致性,即山洪灾害各要素集中分布于青藏高原-四川盆地过渡带、川滇交界地区、黄土高原区、东部沿海地区及华北等地区,最后初步探讨了该成果的应用前景。全国山洪灾害调查评价成果将为中国山洪灾害监测预警预报体系建设及防灾减灾能力提升提供丰富的基础数据支撑。 |
|
其他语种文摘
|
National Flash Flood Disasters Investigation and Evaluation project is the largest non-engineering projects in water conservancy industry since the establishment of new China in 1949. It is also the largest scale of general census on disasters background in flood management and mitigation fields. The whole project lasted for 4 years, covering 30 provinces, 305 cities and 2138 counties, with a total land area of 7.55 million km~2 and a population of nearly 900 million. Through general census, on-site investigation, field measurement, hydrological analysis and calculation, and comprehensive evaluation methods, the spatial distribution, human settlement, underground situations, impacts, social and economic situations, hazard zoning, warning indicators and historical situations of flash flood disasters were collected. The storm flood characters in mountainous areas were also analyzed. The flood control ability of selected villages were assessed and the critical rainfall index of these villages were obtained. The hazard zones were finally identified, all of which provided a strong information support for flash flood early-warning and forecast and residential safety transfer. We systematically introduced the key focuses on the investigation and evaluation project of national flash flood disasters, made a general review on the collection of data and information, summarized thousands of investigation results and elements during this huge project. We also discussed the spatial pattern of these elements. Based on these survey data, the characteristics of flash flood disaster prevention areas, the human settlement features and spatial pattern of storm flood were further analyzed. Finally, flash flood prevention areas, population distribution, flash flood warning ability and historical flash flood disaster events were discussed. It was found that the national flash flood prevention areas, human settlement, historical flash flood events and warning ability appeared to be spatially consistent. They were mainly distributed along the transitional zone of Qinghai-Tibet plateau and Sichuan basin, the borders of Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, the Loess plateau zones, the Eastern coastal areas and the North China areas. Meanwhile, future application and analysis on diversified utilization of investigation and evaluation results of national flash flood disasters were proposed, providing a solid data foundation for flash flood monitoring and warning system, disaster management and mitigation researches, a better platform of technological promotions, in both flood management departments and other relevant fields. |
|
来源
|
地球信息科学学报
,2017,19(12):1548-1556 【核心库】
|
|
DOI
|
10.3724/SP.J.1047.2017.01548
|
|
关键词
|
山洪灾害
;
调查评价
;
成果汇总
;
空间分布
;
防灾减灾
|
|
地址
|
1.
中国水利水电科学研究院, 水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心, 北京, 100038
2.
天津大学, 水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室, 天津, 300072
|
|
语种
|
中文 |
|
文献类型
|
研究性论文 |
|
ISSN
|
1560-8999 |
|
学科
|
水利工程;灾害及其防治 |
|
基金
|
2014、2015、2016年全国山洪灾害防治项目建设与管理(中央本级)
;
中国水科院2017年国际水利水电科技发展动态调研专项
|
|
文献收藏号
|
CSCD:6140912
|
参考文献 共
24
共2页
|
|
1.
Keefer D K. Real-time landslide warning during heavy rainfall.
Science,1987,238(4829):921-925
|
被引
62
次
|
|
|
|
|
2.
尚全民. 以人为本因地制宜防治山洪灾害.
人民长江,2007,38(6):6-8
|
被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
3.
张志彤. 山洪灾害防治措施与成效.
水利水电技术,2016,47(1):1-5
|
被引
16
次
|
|
|
|
|
4.
任洪玉. 我国山洪灾害成因分析.
中国水利,2007(14):18-20
|
被引
12
次
|
|
|
|
|
5.
赵刚. 中国山洪灾害危险性评价.
水利学报,2016,47(9):1133-1142
|
被引
25
次
|
|
|
|
|
6.
郭良. 开展全国山洪灾害调查评价的工作设想.
中国水利,2012(23):10-12
|
被引
7
次
|
|
|
|
|
7.
胡余忠. 山洪灾害影响评价外业调查核心技术问答.
中国防汛抗旱,2015(2):26-33
|
被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
8.
李昌志. 刍议山洪灾害分析评价.
中国水利,2014(18):14-17
|
被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
9.
李昌志. 山洪灾害分析评价要点及流程.
中国水利,2015(11):62-64
|
被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
10.
何秉顺. 我国山洪灾害防治路线与核心建设内容.
中国防汛抗旱,2012,22(5):19-22
|
被引
7
次
|
|
|
|
|
11.
邱瑞田. 我国山洪灾害防治非工程措施建设实践.
中国防汛抗旱,2012,22(1):31-33
|
被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
12.
罗翔宇. 基于DEM与实测河网的流域编码方法.
水科学进展,2006,17(2):259-264
|
被引
19
次
|
|
|
|
|
13.
刘汉宇. 国家防汛抗旱指挥系统二期工程主要建设任务和技术要求.
中国防汛抗旱,2016,26(3):4-7
|
被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
14.
Liu Y S. Driving Force Analysis of the Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Flash Floods in Sichuan Province.
Sustainability,2017,9(9):1527
|
被引
7
次
|
|
|
|
|
15.
刘敬华. 季风区边缘近500年的降水变化特征.
地理科学,2011,24(4):401-407
|
被引
8
次
|
|
|
|
|
16.
李昌志. 山洪灾害预警指标确定方法.
中国水利,2012(9):54-56
|
被引
8
次
|
|
|
|
|
17.
张瑞雪. 地质灾害链的诱发机制及减灾.
灾害学,2010,25(s1):389
|
被引
3
次
|
|
|
|
|
18.
Clark R A. Conus-wide evaluation of national weather service flash flood guidance products.
Weather & Forecasting,2014,29(2):377-392
|
被引
9
次
|
|
|
|
|
19.
张志彤. 我国山洪灾害特点及其防治思路.
中国水利,2007(14):14-15
|
被引
3
次
|
|
|
|
|
20.
李华威. 小流域山洪灾害危险性分析之降雨指标选取的初步研究.
地球信息科学学报,2017,19(3):425-435
|
被引
16
次
|
|
|
|
|
了解气象卫星更多信息，请访问