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690和800合金在高温高压水中硫致腐蚀失效研究进展
Research Progress on Sulfur-Induced Corrosion of Alloys 690 and 800 in High Temperature and High Pressure Water

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夏大海 1 *   宋诗哲 1   王俭秋 2 *   骆静利 3  
文摘 高温高压水中的S对蒸汽发生器合金的腐蚀是最复杂的腐蚀过程之一。本文从热力学计算和实验方面综述了高温高压水中硫致690和800合金腐蚀的研究进展。热力学计算主要以E-pH图、Volt等效图以及离子分布系数曲线展开,计算结果表明,S的价态以及与金属的相互作用主要受温度、pH值以及电极电位的影响,但热力学计算没有考虑S中间产物的影响作用。腐蚀电化学及表面分析结果表明,硫致腐蚀受温度、pH值、含硫离子种类、Cl-等其它杂质离子、晶粒取向、合金成分以及应力等多因素影响,多因素之间可能存在复杂的交互作用。合金中Cr、Mo和Cu的加入可在一定程度上抑制硫致腐蚀,而Ni含量的增加则使硫致腐蚀敏感性增加。S更易吸附在材料表面缺陷处引起局部优先溶解,按照晶粒取向(111)<(100)<(110)硫致腐蚀敏感性增大。
其他语种文摘 As nuclear power operates at high temperature and high pressure, corrosion is considered as one of the issues that threaten the safe operation, though corrosion rarely occurs. To fully understand the electrochemical behavior of nuclear key materials and manage the corrosion degradation of these materials in a proactive manner, a great deal of work have been undertaken in lab. Some sulfurrelated specie can cause corrosion degradation of metal materials. Steam generator (SG) is one of the most important components in nuclear power plant, and alloys 800 and 690 are the most frequently used as SG tubing alloys. Sulfur-induced corrosion of SG alloys in high temperature and high pressure water is one of the most complicated processes. In this paper, the research progress regarding to sulfur-induced corrosion of alloys 690 and 800 was reviewed from the aspects of thermodynamic calculations and experimental. Thermodynamic calculations are mainly presented by E-pH diagrams, volt equivalent diagrams and species distribution curves. It is concluded that the valences of sulfur and their interactions with metal is mainly affected by temperature, solution pH and electrode potential. Experimental data indicate that sulfur induced corrosion is determined by temperature, solution pH, sulfur species, and other impurities like chloride ions, grain orientation, alloy compositions and stress etc. These factors can interact in a very complicated way. Generally, increasing temperature and decreasing solution pH would increase the corrosion degree of SG tubing alloys. Sulfur at the reduced or intermediate oxidation level are more detrimental than complete oxidation level, to the passivity of SG tubing alloys. Chloride ions have a combined effect with thiosulfate on passive film degradation in the case that chloride's adsorption is dominant; this combined effect is not remarkable if the chloride's adsorption is not dominant. Elements like Cr, Mo and Cu in alloys would weaken sulfur adsorption to some extent and therefore inhibit sulfur- induced corrosion, but increasing Ni content would enhance sulfur- induced corrosion. Both compressive and tensile stress would increase the reactivity of a passive surface of SG tubing. Sulfur would more easily adsorb on the metal surface where it has more defects, resulting in an increased dissolution rate. The crystal orientation can enhance the corrosion rate in the order of (111)<(100)<(110).
来源 金属学报 ,2017,53(12):1541-1554 【核心库】
DOI 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00198
关键词 蒸汽发生器 ; 690合金 ; 800合金 ; 硫代硫酸根 ; 还原态硫 ; 钝化膜
地址

1. 天津大学材料科学与工程学院, 天津市材料复合与功能化重点实验室;;中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室, 天津, 300354  

2. 中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室, 中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室, 沈阳, 110016  

3. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Canada, Edmonton, T6G 1H9

语种 中文
文献类型 综述型
ISSN 0412-1961
学科 化学
基金 国家自然科学基金项目 ;  中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室开放课题项目
文献收藏号 CSCD:6132886

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引证文献 6 篇

1 夏大海 食品包装用镀锡薄钢板的腐蚀机理研究进展 中国腐蚀与防护学报,2017,37(6):513-518
被引 2 次

2 祝钰 划伤方法研究应力作用下硫代硫酸根对800合金再钝化动力学的影响 腐蚀科学与防护技术,2018,30(5):503-507
被引 0 次

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