海拔对岷山大熊猫主食竹营养成分和氨基酸含量的影响
Effects of different altitudes on the nutrient and amino acid contents of bamboo (Fargesia denudata ),staple food of the giant panda,in Minshan,Sichuan, China
查看参考文献46篇
|
文摘
|
缺苞箭竹(Fargesia denudata)是岷山山系大熊猫的主食竹,其可食性在大熊猫食物营养质量评价中具有重要意义。为揭示海拔梯度上温差对大熊猫主食竹营养成分及其含量的影响,以自然生长在岷山山系核心区四川王朗国家级自然保护区不同海拔(2600、2850、3100 m)的缺苞箭竹为对象,对其笋、秆和叶的营养成分和氨基酸含量进行了研究。结果表明:(1)同一海拔缺苞箭竹的粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量均表现为叶>笋>秆,且笋、秆和叶的营养成分含量有显著差异(P <0.05);(2)粗蛋白和氨基酸总量随海拔升高而显著增加(P <0.05),而对粗脂肪和粗纤维的影响不显著(P >0.05);(3)除笋中苏氨酸、甘氨酸、半胱氨酸,秆中丝氨酸、蛋氨酸以及叶中半胱氨酸外,海拔对其余氨基酸含量均有显著影响(P <0.05);(4)海拔对粗蛋白/粗脂肪、粗蛋白/粗纤维有显著影响(P <0.05),在笋和秆中表现为海拔3100 m最高,而海拔对纤维素/粗纤维、粗脂肪/粗纤维的影响不显著(P >0.05)。缺苞箭竹叶、笋的营养成分含量明显高于秆;高海拔有利于缺苞箭竹各器官粗蛋白和氨基酸的积累,不利于粗纤维的积累,这可能使大熊猫的取食选择发生改变,更倾向于取食高海拔的笋和叶。 |
|
其他语种文摘
|
Nutritional components of plant species (e.g.,contents of crude protein,crude fat,and amino acids),as well as the contents of fiber that influence animals' food digestibility,collectively determine animal food preferences. Animals would prefer to feed on leaves or stems with higher contents of crude protein,crude fat,and amino acids and a lower content of fiber. Many studies have demonstrated that nutritional components or fiber contents are differently impacted by various environmental factors. It is possible that differences in the nutrient or fiber content of vegetation under different conditions would potentially affect animal distribution through food choice. Dwarf-bamboo species dominate the underground layer of subalpine forests. However,the distribution or growth of these bamboo species is predicted to be markedly affected by global warming. As the main food source for the panda,changes in temperature may influence their preference for bamboo by altering bamboo nutrition. Although the temperature difference along vertical altitudinal gradients is obvious, there have been few studies focusing on the effects of different temperatures on bamboo due to altitudinal gradients,which could potentially influence panda food preference and distribution. We designed an in situ experiment to examine the effects of different altitudes on the contents of nutrients,such as crude protein and amino acids,and parameters related to animal food digestibility,such as fiber content,of dwarf bamboo ( Fargesia denudate) in Wanglang Nature Reserve in the northwest Sichuan Province,China. Samples ( leaf,shoot,and culm) of F. denudata were selected from three altitudes (2600 m,2850 m,and 3100 m) to study differences that may be attributable to differences in altitude. The results indicated that the nutrient compositions and amino acid contents of different parts of F. denudata showed different change patterns among the different altitudes. Our main results were as follows. (1) At the same altitude,nutrients of different F. denudata tissues (leaf,shoot,and culm) were significantly different from each other. For instance,the crude protein and crude fat contents of the leaf were the highest,whereas those of the stem were the lowest. In the shoot,these parameters were in the middle range. ( 2) Most interestingly,the amount of crude protein and total amino acids were markedly influenced by the altitudinal gradient,being significantly higher at 3100 m than at 2600 m. For example,the contents of crude protein and total amino acids of bamboo shoots were highest at 3100 m. However,crude fat and crude fiber showed no significant differences among the different altitudes. ( 3) In addition to the threonine,glycine,and cysteine in shoots, serine and methionine in culms,and cysteine in leaves,contents of the other amino acids were significantly affected by the altitudinal gradient. For example,the histidine content in shoots increased with increasing altitude. Altitude had significant effects on the ratios of crude protein /crude fat and crude protein /crude fiber; however,no significant effects were observed on the ratios of cellulose /crude fiber and crude fat /crude fiber. Our results demonstrate that at higher altitude,F. denudata accumulates higher contents of crude protein and total amino acids. Warmer climates would probably affect the distribution of F. denudata and characters related to panda food preference,such as crude protein content,which may,to a certain extent,determine panda movement or migration to higher altitudes to feed on relatively nutritious food. |
|
来源
|
生态学报
,2017,37(19):6440-6447 【核心库】
|
|
DOI
|
10.5846/stxb201607221496
|
|
关键词
|
缺苞箭竹
;
海拔
;
营养成分
;
氨基酸
;
大熊猫
|
|
地址
|
1.
中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 成都, 610041
2.
四川王朗国家级自然保护区管理局, 绵阳, 622550
|
|
语种
|
中文 |
|
文献类型
|
研究性论文 |
|
ISSN
|
1000-0933 |
|
学科
|
林业;畜牧、动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂 |
|
基金
|
国家自然科学基金面上项目
|
|
文献收藏号
|
CSCD:6088989
|
参考文献 共
46
共3页
|
|
1.
王元元. 玉龙雪山不同海拔草血竭叶片形态与解剖结构的比较研究.
西北植物学报,2016,36(1):70-77
|
被引
8
次
|
|
|
|
|
2.
Korner C.
Alpine Plant Life-Functional Plant Ecology of High Mountain Ecosystems,2003:31-37
|
被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
3.
吕佳佳. 气候变化对植物及植被分布的影响研究进展.
环境科学与技术,2009,32(6):85-95
|
被引
32
次
|
|
|
|
|
4.
Pauli H. Effects of climate change on mountain ecosystems-upward shifting of alpine plants.
World resource review,1996,8(3):382-390
|
被引
8
次
|
|
|
|
|
5.
曾小平. 气候变暖对陆生植物的影响.
应用生态学报,2006,17(12):2445-2450
|
被引
26
次
|
|
|
|
|
6.
Gaur N U. Quantitative response of vegetation in glacial moraine of central Himalaya.
Environmentalist,2003,23(3):237-247
|
被引
8
次
|
|
|
|
|
7.
陈建国. 高山植物对全球气候变暖的响应研究进展.
应用与环境生物学报,2011,17(3):435-446
|
被引
33
次
|
|
|
|
|
8.
Kudo Q. Invasion of dwarf bamboo into alpine snow-meadows in northern Japan: pattern of expansion and impact on species diversity.
Ecology and Evolution,2011,1(1):85-96
|
被引
8
次
|
|
|
|
|
9.
吴建国. 气候变化对大熊猫分布的潜在影响.
环境科学与技术,2009,32(12):168-177
|
被引
7
次
|
|
|
|
|
10.
刘艳萍.
气候变化对岷山大熊猫及栖息地的影响,2012
|
被引
3
次
|
|
|
|
|
11.
王锐婷. 气候变化对四川大熊猫栖息地的影响.
高原山地气象研究,2010,30(4):57-60
|
被引
4
次
|
|
|
|
|
12.
卞萌. 用间接遥感方法探测大熊猫栖息地竹林分布.
生态学报,2007,27(11):4824-4831
|
被引
5
次
|
|
|
|
|
13.
肖燚. 岷山地区大熊猫生境评价与保护对策研究.
生态学报,2004,24(7):1373-1379
|
被引
33
次
|
|
|
|
|
14.
孙雪. 大熊猫取食竹种纤维类物质分析.
野生动物学报,2015,36(2):151-156
|
被引
3
次
|
|
|
|
|
15.
何东阳.
大熊猫取食竹选择、消化率及营养和能量对策的研究,2010
|
被引
7
次
|
|
|
|
|
16.
曾贞. 增温和升高CO_2浓度对桑树幼苗的生长和叶片品质的影响.
应用生态学报,2016,27(8):2445-2451
|
被引
7
次
|
|
|
|
|
17.
杨月娟. 长期模拟增温对矮嵩草草甸土壤理化性质与植物化学成分的影响.
生态学杂志,2015,34(3):781-789
|
被引
14
次
|
|
|
|
|
18.
何开跃. 冷冻胁迫对福建柏苗可溶性糖和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响.
江苏林业科技,2000,27(6):6-8
|
被引
11
次
|
|
|
|
|
19.
赵志琛. 大熊猫弃食竹秆皮的化学原因.
四川动物,2016,35(2):161-166
|
被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
20.
郑云普. 木本植物非结构性碳水化合物变化及其影响因子研究进展.
应用生态学报,2014,25(4):1188-1196
|
被引
70
次
|
|
|
|
|
了解气象卫星更多信息，请访问