三峡库区消落带农用坡地氮素流失特征及其环境效应
NITROGEN LOSS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS FROM SLOPING LAND USED FOR AGRICULTURE IN THE WATER LEVEL FLUCTUATION ZONE OF THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR REGION
查看参考文献23篇
|
文摘
|
三峡库区消落带坡地的自发农用较为常见,消落带的这种利用方式可能加剧养分流失并对库区水环境造成影响。通过对库区2011 ~ 2013年3个落干期消落带农用坡地的地表径流、壤中流中氮素形态与浓度进行定位监测,研究消落带农用坡地氮素流失特征及其环境效应。结果表明:常规施肥下,消落带农用坡地侵蚀模数为1 443 kg / (hm~2·a) ,落干期内坡地平均径流量为230 mm,径流系数为0. 58,其中壤中流流量占总径流量的77%。历次降雨产流事件中常规施肥处理时,地表径流、壤中流中TN平均浓度分别是4. 85±0. 85、 20. 73±2. 05 mg /L,落干期地表径流(泥沙)和壤中流的TN流失量分别为6. 63±1. 19、35. 22±3. 38 kg /hm~2,分别占当季施肥量的2. 2%、11. 7%。可见,随壤中流流失是三峡库区消落带农用坡地氮素流失的主要途径。与常规施肥处理相比,减量施肥处理使地表径流(泥沙) 、壤中流TN流失通量分别显著降低了25%、48%,表明减少氮肥用量可以显著降低消落带农用带来的环境风险,建议消落带农用地氮肥进行减量施肥,使其既不影响作物产量,也显著降低氮流失。 |
|
其他语种文摘
|
The mechanisms of nitrogen (N) losses through runoff (both overland flow and interflow) represent a significant portion of the N biogeochemical cycle have been well documented for purple soil in the Sichuan Basin. It is unclear,however,how nitrogenloss takes place in agricultural slop land in the zone of fluctuating water level in the Three Gorges reservoir region. Nutrient loss may be increased and bring a great impact on the water environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir area while slope lands in the water level fluctuation zone used by local farmers spontaneously. Nitrogenloss through runoff in hill slope cropland in the water level fluctuation zone is unclear without any in situ monitoring. In this paper,we presented an in situ monitoring study of nitrogen losing forms,contents and fluxes via different pathways from slope land used for farming in the in the water level fluctuation zone during drawdown period through 2011 to 2013. The results showed that soil erosion modulus of slope land used for farming would be 1 443 kg·hm~(-2)·a~(-1),while average annual runoff is 229. 7 mm with interflow accounting for 77% of the total runoff discharge. The average total nitrogen in water of overland flow and interflow was 4. 85 ± 0. 85 mg·L~(-1),20. 73 ± 2. 05 mg·L~(-1),respectively. The annual total nitrogen loss via overland flow and interflow was 6. 63±1. 19 and 35. 22±3. 38 kg·hm~(-2),respectively,accounting for 2. 2% and 11. 7% of applied N fertilizer. Nitrate loss via interflow is the dominant route of nitrogen loss from the slope cropland. Compared with conventional fertilization rate,the loadings of total nitrogen were significantly reduced by 25% and 48%,respectively,in the overland flow and interflow under N-reduction fertilization. This indicates that reducing nitrogen application rate may decrease significantly the environmental risk of N loss from the slope land used for farming in the water level fluctuation zone. The intensity of nitrogen loss on slope land cannot be neglected while the slope land for farming of water level fluctuating zone,which may have potential risk of water pollution in the reservoir area. Therefore,restoration the ecological barrier function of water level fluctuating zone plays an important role in protecting the water environment of the Three Gorges reservoir area,suggesting the measures of reducing nitrogen application rate. |
|
来源
|
长江流域资源与环境
,2017,26(8):1159-1168 【核心库】
|
|
DOI
|
10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201708006
|
|
关键词
|
三峡水库
;
消落带
;
地表径流
;
壤中流
;
氮负荷
;
减量施肥
|
|
地址
|
1.
重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 重庆, 401331
2.
重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院, 重庆, 401331
3.
中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 四川, 成都, 610041
|
|
语种
|
中文 |
|
文献类型
|
研究性论文 |
|
ISSN
|
1004-8227 |
|
学科
|
农业基础科学;环境保护管理 |
|
基金
|
国家自然科学基金重大项目
;
中国科学院STS 项目
|
|
文献收藏号
|
CSCD:6060099
|
参考文献 共
23
共2页
|
|
1.
牛志明. 三峡库区水库消落区水土资源开发利用的前期思考.
科技导报,1998,4(2):61-62
|
被引
8
次
|
|
|
|
|
2.
李其林. 三峡库区坡耕地氮磷径流特征.
土壤通报,2010,41(6):1449-1456
|
被引
5
次
|
|
|
|
|
3.
刘园园. 三峡库区典型农业小流域水体氮磷浓度动态变化.
西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(11):157-163
|
被引
9
次
|
|
|
|
|
4.
郭甜. 紫色土坡耕地施肥水平对土壤侵蚀及氮磷流失影响.
水土保持学报,2012,26(4):59-63
|
被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
5.
霍洪江. 三峡库区紫色土坡耕地氮素流失特征及其坡度的影响.
西南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(11):112-116
|
被引
13
次
|
|
|
|
|
6.
鲁如坤.
土壤农业化学分析方法,1999
|
被引
1973
次
|
|
|
|
|
7.
汪涛. 有机-无机肥配施对紫色土坡耕地氮素淋失的影响.
环境科学报,2010,30(4):781-788
|
被引
17
次
|
|
|
|
|
8.
汪涛. 紫色土坡耕地硝酸盐流失过程与特征研究.
土壤学报,2010,47(5):963-970
|
被引
4
次
|
|
|
|
|
9.
Zhu B. Measurements of nitrate leaching from a hill slope cropland in the Central Sichuan Basin.
Soil Science Society of America Journal,2009,73(4):1419-1426
|
被引
67
次
|
|
|
|
|
10.
Spalding R F. Occurrence of nitrate in groundwater-A review.
Journal Environment Quality,1993,22:392-402
|
被引
86
次
|
|
|
|
|
11.
Wang Tao. Nitrate loss via overland flow and interflow from a sloped farmland in the hilly area of purple soil, China.
Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst,2011,90:309-319
|
被引
17
次
|
|
|
|
|
12.
汪涛. 川中丘陵区典型小流域地下水硝酸盐污染分析.
生态与农村环境学报,2006,22(3):84-87
|
被引
19
次
|
|
|
|
|
13.
葛方龙. 坡耕地紫色土养分空间变异对土壤侵蚀的响应.
生态学报,2007,27(2):459-464
|
被引
23
次
|
|
|
|
|
14.
杨育红. 降雨-土壤-径流系统中氮磷的迁移.
水土保持学报,2010,24(5):27-31
|
被引
18
次
|
|
|
|
|
15.
段淑怀. 浅谈北京市山区水土流失与非点源污染.
中国水土保持,2007,9:10-13
|
被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
16.
吴磊. 三峡库区小流域氮磷污染负荷估算.
中国给水排水,2012,28(21):120-124
|
被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
17.
蔡崇法. 三峡库区紫色土坡地养分状况及养分流失.
地理研究,1996,15(2):77-84
|
被引
38
次
|
|
|
|
|
18.
黄丽. 三峡库区紫色土养分流失的试验研究.
土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报,1998,4(1):8-13
|
被引
60
次
|
|
|
|
|
19.
Zhu B. Non-Point-Source Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loadings from a Small Watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.
Journal of Mountain Science,2012,9:10-15
|
被引
19
次
|
|
|
|
|
20.
陈利顶. 农田生态系统管理与非点源污染控制.
环境科学,2000,21(3):98-100
|
被引
103
次
|
|
|
|
|
了解气象卫星更多信息，请访问