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文摘
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为有效防控贵州喀斯特地区油菜菌核病发生,以及为油菜生长期营养调控提供依据。通过测定15试点135田块的土壤指标,并对油菜不同生育期菌核病发生情况和气候因子进行调查统计,分析贵州喀斯特地区油菜菌核病发病的主要影响因素。结果表明:叶部菌核病从抽薹期零星发生,初花期开始加剧,盛花期发病率达最大;茎部菌核病从盛花期开始并持续加剧,直到成熟期;初花期对叶部菌核病影响最大的是初花前3 d平均温度和前10 d平均空气相对湿度;盛花期叶部菌核病影响最大的因素是盛花前5 d平均气温和平均空气湿度,对茎部菌核病发生影响最大的是盛花前3d平均气温与前10 d平均气温及空气湿度。土壤和气候因素对油菜各生育时期菌核病发生有明显影响,其中气候因素较土壤因子影响显著,但土壤因子特别是土壤中钙含量对叶部和茎部菌核病开始加剧发生时具有显著的抑制作用。 |
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其他语种文摘
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The main factors to influence rapeseed sclerotiniose occurrence were analyzed by measuring soil indexes of 135 field samples from 15 test locations and investigating sclerotiniose occurrence of rapeseed at different growth stages and climatic factors to effectively prevent and control occurrence of rapeseed sclerotiniose in Guizhou Karst area and provide the scientific basis for nutrition regulation of rapeseed at different growth stages. Results: The leaf sclerotiniose occurs at bolting stage and develops at early flowering stage. The disease rate of leaf sclerotiniose reaches the maximum at full flowering stage. The stem sclerotiniose occurs at full flowering stage and develops from end flowering stage and maturity stage. The maximal climatic factors to influence leaf sclerotiniose occurrence at early flowering stage are average temperature 3 days ago and average relative humidity 10 days ago before early flowering stage. The maximal climatic factors to influence leaf sclerotiniose occurrence at full flowering stage are average temperature 5 days ago and average relative humidity 5 days ago before full flowering stage. The maximal climatic factors to influence stem sclerotiniose occurrence are average temperature 3 days ago, average temperature 10 days ago and average relative humidity 10 days ago before full flowering stage. The soil and climatic factors have the obvious influence on sclerotiniose occurrence of rapeseed at different growth stages but the influence degree of climatic factors is higher than soil factors. The soil factors, especially soil Ca content have the significant inhibition influence on occurrence and development of rapeseed sclerotiniose. |
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来源
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西南农业学报
,2016,29(12):2890-2895 【扩展库】
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DOI
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10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2016.12.022
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关键词
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油菜
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菌核病
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土壤因子
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气候因子
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喀斯特
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地址
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中国科学院地球化学研究所, 贵州, 贵阳, 550001
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1001-4829 |
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学科
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植物保护 |
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基金
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贵州省优秀青年科技人才培养对象专项资金
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:5892464
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