20世纪长春城市社会空间结构演化
Evolution of Changchun's social spatial structure in the 20th century
查看参考文献26篇
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文摘
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宏观政治、经济和社会制度是城市社会空间形成的基础,而政治、经济和社会制度的变迁也是城市社会空间重构的主要力量。为反映中国城市长时间序列上社会制度变迁对城市社会空间结构演变的影响,以长春市为例,探讨20世纪其城市社会空间结构的演化过程。利用不同时期的历史资料和统计数据,基于历史分析和因子生态分析等方法,梳理了殖民主义统治时期、新中国成立后的社会主义计划经济时期和社会主义市场经济转型时期3个阶段的社会空间类型,在不同政治、经济和社会制度背景下,长春社会空间分别呈现出“民族隔离”、“单位分化”和“破碎化”的主要特征。外来政治势力的侵入,职业上从属于不同“单位”的社会群体居住空间差异,市场经济的发展和社会群体的分化是各时期社会空间重构的主导力量,并且随着制度变迁和城市空间演化,其产生的空间叠加和累积效应不断作用并持续重构着城市社会空间。本文可为中国城市社会空间结构研究提供动态分析的案例成果。 |
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其他语种文摘
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Urban social spatial structure is an important content of urban social geography. Macroscopic economic, political and social systems are the foundation of the formation of urban social space; changes of economic, political and social systems contribute to the reconstruction of urban social space. In order to understand long time-scale transformation of the urban social system in China and impact on the changes of urban social spatial structure, this paper depicts the evolutional process of Changchun's social spatial structure in the 20th century. In recent hundred years, Changchun's social system has experienced three periods, including colonialism, socialist planned economy after 1949, and transition period of socialist market economy. Using historical data and statistics from these different periods, based on historical analysis and factor analysis, this paper describes the social spatial types in different periods and reveals evolutional characteristics of the social spatial structure through combined qualitative and quantitative analysis. In colonialism period, affected by Japanese colonial power, four social spatial types emerged, including senior Puppet Manchukuo officers areas, Japanese residential areas, national business areas and China's poor farmers residential areas. In socialist planned economy period, the types of social areas were relatively simple and homogeneous, mainly including salariat areas, intellectual areas and workers areas. In the transition period of socialist market economy, the social spatial types were multiple and heterogeneous. Six social areas were formed including general salariat areas, high-density and crowded old city, concentrated areas of manufacturing workers, areas of high-income population, concentrated areas of migrant population, and areas of agricultural population. In the three different historical stages, Changchun's social space has tripartite different characteristics such as national isolation, units differentiation, and fragmentation, respectively, corresponding to the background of diverse political, economy, and social systems. The external political and military forces were important reasons for national isolation and spatial differentiation in colonialism period. Affected by unit system and functional layout of urban planning, residential spatial differences of employment groups working in different units had become the main reason forsocial spatial differentiation in socialist planned economy period. In transitioning to socialist market economy, due to the development of diversified liberalism market economy, transition of urban function, and motivation of housing market, the polarization and differentiation of social groups have become prominent in terms of wage income, social status and residential location choice. As a result, the differentiation and fragmentation of social space emerged and intensified constantly. In a word, social system and its change always impact urban social spatial space in spite of different political, economic and social systems in the different periods. With the evolution of urban space, the influence would produce spatially overlapping and cumulative effects, which would restructure urban social spatial morphology. In conclusion, this paper mainly reflects the production and reproduction of urban social space in China's modern times with different political, economy, and social systems in the background. In addition, this paper attempts to summarize a theoretical framework of the evolution process and mechanism of urban social spatial structure on the basis of institutional change in China. In the foreseeable future, this theoretical framework will be beneficial to providing a dynamic analysis case for the literature of urban social spatial structure. |
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来源
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地理科学进展
,2013,32(11):1629-1638 【核心库】
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关键词
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城市社会空间结构
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演化
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殖民主义
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计划经济
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转型
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长春
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地址
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1.
西北大学城市与环境学院, 西安, 710127
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长安大学地球科学与资源学院, 西安, 710054
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1007-6301 |
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基金
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国家教育部人文社会科学研究项目
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国家自然科学基金项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:4986132
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