上海市居民消费碳排放的实证分析
EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ON CARBON EMISSIONS OF RESIDENTS CONSUMPTION IN SHANGHAI
查看参考文献24篇
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文摘
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居民消费碳排放是国内外温室气体排放研究的重要问题。利用1997~2010年上海市统计数据,分别采用改进的投入产出模型法、碳排放系数法核算了上海市居民间接和直接能源消费产生的碳排放,分析了上海市居民消费的碳排放变化、居民消费碳排放的城乡差异、各部门对居民间接能源消费碳排放的贡献。结果表明:(1)1997~2010年上海市居民消费产生的碳排放呈逐年上升趋势,间接能源消费是居民消费的碳排放的主要来源,在居民消费碳排放总量中占有较大比重;(2)1997~2010年上海市城镇居民消费碳排放呈逐年上升,农村居民消费碳排放呈下降趋势,居民消费碳排放存在着显著的城乡差异;(3)14个部门对居民消费碳排放的贡献大小不同,其中文教卫生商务及其他服务、交通运输仓储及信息服务、食品制造及烟草加工业3个部门对城乡居民消费碳排放的贡献最大;(4)提高各部门能源利用效率、降低部门单位产出的碳排放、引导居民向低碳产品消费的转变是居民消费碳减排的有效措施。研究结果可为上海市居民生存碳排放的评估提供数据支持,为政府部门制定碳减排措施、引导居民低碳消费提供理论指导。 |
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其他语种文摘
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In the context of global warming,climate change related adverse environmental crises, and governmental implementation of Kyo to Pro tocol,industrial energy consumption and associated carbon emission have been paid much attention.However,as witnessed with European and Northern American case studies, carbon emission from residential or household section has remarkably surpassed that of the industrial section since the past two decades in the developed countries.Recently,in newly emerging industrialized countries such as China,India,Brazil,etc.,huge requirement for energy consumption may result in more pronounced impacts on global carbon emission and global climate due to their huge population and strong dem and for economic development in the world.On the other h and,previous studies on residential indirect carbon emission were very scarce.Considering in the coming decades over 60% of global population will live in the cities,residential carbon emissions associated with energy consumption should not be neglected due to out-dated ideas for environmental sustainability.Thus,accounting residential energy consumption and associated carbon emission have been two key issues in the researching fields of curtailing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions and governmental policies for adaptation to climate change worldwide.In this paper, Shanghai city,the largest city and financial center in China,was selected as an example.Based on literature review,an enhanced input-output modeland carbon emission fac tors method were used to calculate the indirect and direct carbon emissions associated with residential energy consumption on local scale during 1997 and 2010.Furthermore,trends in carbon emissions associated with residential consumption,carbon emission gap between urban and rural residents, and the contribution of the six major sec tors in local economy (containing fourteen key industries) to indirect energy consumption carbon emissions,were analyzed.The results showed as follows.(1)Accompanied by substantial population growth due to inter-province ruralurban migration,local rural-urban transition, and industrial transition, total residential carbon emissions in Shanghai exhibited an increasing trend from 1997 to 2010,of which indirect carbon emission associated with energy consumption was a major source in residential total carbon emissions, and accounted for dominant proportion.(2)There was an increasing trend in both direct and indirect carbon emissions associated with urban residential consumption in Shanghai over the study period.In contrast,carbon emissions associated with rural residential consumption showed an overall downward trend due to the ongoing trend in decline of rural residents under rapid urbanization,which caused remarkable rural-urban transition and changed lifestyle of former rural residents.It is noted that there is a significant difference in carbon emissions between the ruraland urban residents,given the fact that urban residents enjoy high-level life-style and lead to higher carbon emission due to their much higher disposable personal income(DPI)than the rural residents.(3) Six major sec tors played the different roles in residential indirect energy consumption and associated carbon emissions,of which the culture,education,sanitation,commerce, and service sec tor(CESCS),transportation, s torage, and information service(TSIS)sec tor,food produce and tobacco fabrication(FPTF)sec tor had the biggest contribution to the total carbon emissions of the urban and rural residents. |
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来源
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长江流域资源与环境
,2013,22(5):535-543 【核心库】
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关键词
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温室气体
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居民消费
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碳排放
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能源消费碳排放
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上海市
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地址
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1.
复旦大学公共管理与公共政策创新基地, 上海, 200433
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合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院, 安徽, 合肥, 230009
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中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 广东, 广州, 510640
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复旦大学环境科学系, 上海, 200433
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1004-8227 |
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学科
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环境保护管理 |
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基金
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国家社会科学基金重大项目
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国家自然科学基金项目
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国家教育部人文社会科学研究项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:4837243
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