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日本沼虾与秀丽白虾的营养生态位
Studies on Trophic Niches of Macrobrachium nipponensis and Exopalaemon modestus

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张欢 1   谢平 1   吴功果 2   张欢 2   张培育 2   徐军 2  
文摘 为科学评估虾类的营养关系及资源的保护,利用稳定同位素技术研究了2种淡水虾类在大型通江湖泊———洞庭湖和鄱阳湖中的营养生态位和生态宽幅大小.结果表明,日本沼虾与秀丽白虾的δ~(13)C值呈显著差异,而δ~(15)N值无明显差异.同时,由于营养状况及水文的差异,虾类同位素值的差异在2个湖泊中表现不同.日本沼虾的δ~(13)C值范围比秀丽白虾大,频率分布相对集中在- 25.0‰~- 23.0‰区间,表明其摄食的食物来源更广,对某些饵料生物有所偏好.另外,日本沼虾与秀丽白虾的营养生态位重叠程度较大,表明二者的主要食物来源相同,在食物网中占据的营养级相近,存在着激烈的种间竞争.在鄱阳湖中,日本沼虾占有的营养生态位和生态宽幅大于秀丽白虾;而在洞庭湖的研究结果则相反,主要是由于采样区域生境的差异及人类活动干扰的程度不同所致.
其他语种文摘 This study was undertaken to assess the trophic niches and niche widths between two freshwater shrimps, Macrobrachium nipponensis and Exopalaemon modestus, from the Yangtze River-connected lakes - Dongting lake and Poyang lake - using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis. The overall aim was to provide the information valuable for evaluation of trophic relationships and for protection of natural resources. Results showed significant differences in δ~(13) C values between M. nipponensis and E. modestus, but no difference in δ~(15)N values between two species. Meanwhile, differences in isotopic variations of shrimps were found between lakes which had differences in nutrient level and in hydrology. The range of δ~(13)C signatures in M. nipponensis was greater than those of E. modestus and mainly distributed from - 25. 0‰ to - 23.0‰, indicating that M. nipponensis fed on more food sources but preferred a certain one. There was a large overlap of trophic niches between the two species. This result indicated that food consumed were nearly the same for both species, implying similar trophic positions and strong inter-composition. In the Poyang Lake, M. nipponensis had a trophic niche and niche width larger than E. modestus. However, there were opposite observations in the Dongting Lake due to variations of sampling habitats and the degree of human disturbances.
来源 环境科学研究 ,2013,26(1):22-26 【核心库】
关键词 日本沼虾 ; 秀丽白虾 ; 稳定同位素 ; 营养生态位 ; 生态宽幅
地址

1. 华中农业大学水产学院, 湖北, 武汉, 430070  

2. 中国科学院水生生物研究所,东湖湖泊生态系统试验站, 湖北, 武汉, 430072

语种 中文
文献类型 研究性论文
ISSN 1001-6929
学科 动物学
基金 国家自然科学基金项目 ;  国家973计划
文献收藏号 CSCD:4741498

参考文献 共 31 共2页

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引证文献 19

1 王坤 淀山湖日本沼虾、秀丽白虾资源量的周年动态变化研究 上海海洋大学学报,2017,26(1):121-130
被引 3

2 余景 珠江口浅海4种经济虾类的食性和营养级研究 南方农业学报,2016,47(5):736-741
被引 1

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