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青少年抑郁情绪的行为遗传学研究
The Genetic and Environmental Influence on Adolescent Depressive Symptoms:A Genetic Sensitive Study

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文摘 本研究意在探讨青少年抑郁情绪遗传率的性别和年龄差异及遗传和环境对抑郁情绪跨时间连续性的影响。508对同卵双生子,176对同性别异卵双生子参加了两轮追踪研究,时间间隔约为一年半(1.37±0.44)。第一轮测量双生子的年龄范围为10~18岁,平均年龄为13.69±2.04岁,男生比例为46.2%。采用儿童抑郁量表(CDI)对青少年的抑郁情绪进行多报告者评定。结果发现,青少年抑郁情绪的遗传解释率不存在性别差异,处于青春早期青少年的遗传解释率高于青春中期的青少年。遗传是影响青春早期青少年抑郁情绪持续发生的主导因素,而环境是影响青春中期青少年抑郁情绪持续发生的主要因素。
其他语种文摘 Epidemiological and developmental studies showed that one of the obvious phenomena during adolescence is a marked increase in depressive symptoms.Behavioral genetic studies found that shared environmental influences account for the majority of the variance for children’s symptoms while genetic factors are substantial for adolescent depressive symptoms.However,whether the results of behavioral genetic studies from Western countries can be generalized to adolescents in China with a collectivism culture remains unexplored.First,prevalence of depression varies dramatically across cultures with a lower rate in China than in other countries.Second,factors that are associated with depressive symptoms and the extent to which these factors are consequential for adolescents’ mood are also different across cultures.Existing evidences showed that the quality of family relationships and grades in school had significantly stronger associations with depressive symptoms among Chinese youths than among U.S.youths.Third,genes that contribute to depressive symptoms have different frequencies in different races.Moreover,culture may moderate the expression of genes.Therefore,the first objective of the study was to examine the heritability of adolescent depressive symptoms for boys and girls in China,respectively.Results from the family study,the adoption study and the twin study suggest that adolescent depressive symptoms are heritable(range 15-80%).Moreover,empirical work showed that the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences to depressive symptoms vary as a function of age.The second objective of the study was to extend previous ones by examining whether the heritability of depressive symptoms in early-adolescence was different from that in mid-adolescence.We hypothesized that the heritability of depressive symptoms in early adolescence was higher than that in middle adolescence according to the theory and empirical work.Depressive symptoms tend to persist over time and the stability is evident in general population samples.The third objective of the study was to examine the contributions of genetic and environmental factors to the stability of adolescent depressive symptoms in early and middle adolescence,respectively.We hypothesized that genetic factors accounted for the stability of depressive symptoms in early adolescence whereas shared environmental influence contributed to the stability of depressive symptoms in middle adolescence.Data for the current study were from the Beijing Twin Study(BeTwiSt).Given obtaining written informed consents from twins and their parents,arrangements were made for the twins to stay in their classrooms after school time.Research staffs were there to answer any questions that students might ask about the questionnaires.After the twins completed the questionnaires,they were asked to provide their saliva samples using the Oragene? DNA self-collection kit(Genotek Inc.).
来源 心理学报 ,2012,44(10):1329-1338 【核心库】
关键词 双生子 ; 遗传 ; 共享环境 ; 非共享环境 ; 抑郁情绪
地址

中国科学院心理研究所心理健康实验室, 北京, 100101

语种 中文
ISSN 0439-755X
学科 社会科学总论
基金 中国科学院知识创新工程项目 ;  国家自然科学基金
文献收藏号 CSCD:4654160

参考文献 共 44 共3页

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引证文献 10

1 侯金芹 青少年抑郁情绪和违纪行为的共存—孰因孰果? 中国临床心理学杂志,2013,21(3):439-442,438
被引 1

2 王玉华 抑郁自评量表评分在青少年急性中毒事件中的作用分析 中国现代医学杂志,2014,24(9):59-61
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