从空间Poisson过程看蒋家沟泥石流
Debris Flow as a Spatial Poisson Process
查看参考文献12篇
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文摘
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云南东川蒋家沟泥石流频率高,变化多。每场泥石流包含几十到几百个阵流,各阵流具有不同的密度、流体性质和运动形态,流量涨落达3个数量级。这些特征意味着泥石流具有很强的随机性。根据蒋家沟的演化分区和野外观测,可以发现泥石流形成于特殊的源地分支。土体活动(包括滑坡、崩塌和局部的土体流动等)随机发生在那些分支流域,如果认为各源地的土体活动是独立的,而且活动强度正比于源地的面积,那么泥石流的形成和汇流就是一个空间Poisson过程。其结果是阵流流量服从指数分布,这很好地符合蒋家沟的泥石泥观测数据。从蒋家沟泥石流的随机性可见,泥石流依赖于流域的特定源区及其分布,而不是笼统地取决于全流域的地貌或几何因子。 |
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其他语种文摘
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Debris flows in Jiangjia Gully present a variety of appearances and cover a wide spectrum of motion regime.Each event consists of surges of various viscosities,densities,velocities and discharges.The surges are temporally separated and fluctuate reasonably,with discharge ranging between orders of magnitude of 10~103 m3/s.These appearances can be attributed to the origins of debris flows from a special group of tributaries associated with specific evolution features.Field observations indicate that slope and channel processes are randomly distributed over the source areas and conform to the category of spatial Poisson process,meaning that the processes are independent of one another and the intensity is proportional to the area of the local source.Then a debris flow surge is actually a pooled process and the resulted intensity,i.e.the discharge in the circumstance,satisfies the exponential distribution.This agrees well with the observation in Jiangjia Gully.From the stochastic viewpoint,debris flow depends primarily on the spatial heterogeneity of valley and the local processes in tributaries,but not so much on the full-valley parameters. |
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来源
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山地学报
,2011,29(5):586-590 【核心库】
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关键词
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流域演化分区
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泥石流
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Poisson过程
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流量分布
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蒋家沟
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地址
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中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室, 四川, 成都, 610041
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1008-2786 |
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学科
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地质学 |
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基金
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中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目
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国家973计划
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:4472141
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