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青藏高原地表辐射的气候特征
Climatological Characteristics of Surface Radiation over the Tibetan Plateau

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蒋兴文 1   李跃清 2  
文摘 青藏高原由于条件艰苦, 地面观测站点少, 对其地表辐射整体特征的认识还较初步. 本文利用全球能量与水分循环试验的地表辐射收支工程(GEWEX-SRB)提供的卫星资料反演的1983年7月到2005年6月的地表辐射资料, 研究了青藏高原地表辐射的基本特征及云对辐射的影响. 研究结果表明: ①地表向下短波辐射全年均在高原西南部最大, 在雅鲁藏布江下游最小; ②地表向上短波辐射最大值主要出现在春季, 而最小值出现的时间存在区域差异; ③地表有效辐射全年均为正值, 在高原西南部最大, 东南部最小; ④地表净辐射由南向北逐渐减少, 夏季最大, 冬季最小; ⑤云的地表向下和向上短波辐射强迫均在高原东南部最大, 西部最小; ⑥云的地表向下长波辐射强迫在高原西部边缘地区最大, 西南地区最小; ⑦云的地表净辐射强迫春、夏季在整个高原均为负值, 秋季在高原东南部为负值、西北部为正值, 冬季在整个高原均为正值并且水平变化小
其他语种文摘 Climatological characteristics of surface radiation over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are still unclear due to relatively sparse observations caused by the harsh environment. Using the state-of-the-art satellite products of surface radiation provided by the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment-Surface Radiation Budget (GEWEX-SRB), flux characteristics of surface downward and upward shortwave and longwave radiation, effective radiation and net radiation, and their relationships with cloud were comprehensively investigated. The maximum surface downward shortwave radiation flux (SDSWRF) was observed to be over the southwestern TP around the year. The minimum SDSWRF was distributed in the lower reaches of the Brahmaputra River. As for seasonal variation, the maximum SDSWRF was found to be in summer over portions of the southwestern and southeastern TP. The maximum surface upward shortwave radiation flux (SUSWRF) generally took place in spring. The minimum SUSWRF, however, varies with locations. The complexity of the temporal-spatial distribution of land surface albedo would be the principal reason for the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in SUSWRF. Spatial distributions of surface downward longwave radiation flux (SDLWRF) and surface upward longwave radiation flux (SULWRF) were both characterized by that the minimum values were found to be approximately in the center of the TP. The magnitude of both SDLWRF and SULWRF seemed to be similar in spring and autumn, which were larger than in winter and less than in summer. The effective radiation flux was positive all year around. It was found that in general, the surface net radiation flux (SNRF) decreased gradually from the south to the north over the study area. The minimum SNRF were distributed in the Qaidam Basin and the lower reaches of the Brahmaputra River. The maximum cloud radiative forcing of surface downward shortwave (CRFSDSW) was in the southeastern TP in summer, and the minimum was in the west part of the TP in winter. Characteristics of cloud radiative forcing of surface upward shortwave were observed to be the same as CRFSDSW. The value of cloud radiative forcing of surface downward longwave (CRFSDLW) remained positive all year around, whose maximum was over the west edge of TP, and the minimum was generally in the southwest of the TP. The magnitude of cloud radiation forcing of surface upward longwave was generally small. As a result, the spatial pattern of cloud radiative forcing of surface effective radiation was the same as the minus of CRFSDLW. The cloud radiative forcing of surface net flux (CRFSNF) was generally negative in spring and summer across the TP. It was negative in the southeastern TP and positive in the northwestern TP in autumn. In general, CRFSNF was homogenous and positive over the TP. The magnitude of CRFSNF peaked in summer and was smallest in autumn and winter
来源 资源科学 ,2010,32(10):1932-1942 【核心库】
关键词 青藏高原 ; 地表辐射 ; 云辐射强迫
地址

1. 兰州大学大气科学学院, 兰州, 730000  

2. 中国气象局成都高原气象研究所, 成都, 610072

语种 中文
文献类型 研究性论文
ISSN 1007-7588
学科 能源与动力工程
基金 国家自然科学基金项目 ;  中国气象局成都高原气象研究所基本科研业务费专项
文献收藏号 CSCD:4076885

参考文献 共 26 共2页

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引证文献 14 篇

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