基于表观消费量法的中国碳足迹估算
Estimation of China's Carbon Footprint Based on Apparent Consumption
查看参考文献22篇
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文摘
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碳足迹是化石能源消费产生的CO_2排放量, 用来衡量人类的能源活动排碳对大气环境和气候的影响. 本文采用IPCC国家温室气体清单指南推荐的缺省方法----表观消费量法, 分别估算了1992年-2007年全国碳足迹, 以及2007年各省、直辖市、自治区的碳足迹. 结果显示, 自1992年以来15年间中国碳足迹增长了近两倍, 尤其是2001年以后, 碳足迹的增长速度显著增加; 其中固体化石燃料碳足迹所占比重最大, 2007年达到82%; 山东、江苏、内蒙等地碳足迹较大, 青海、甘肃等碳足迹较小; 目前人均碳足迹与世界上其他规模类似的经济体还有一定差距, 宁夏、内蒙古、上海市等人均碳足迹较大, 而海南、四川、广西的人均碳足迹最小; 西部省份的碳足迹强度普遍高于中东部地区, 其中碳足迹强度最大的是宁夏回族自治区, 最小的是北京市; 碳足迹密度方面, 上海市碳足迹密度最大, 并且显著高于其他省份. 从这些结果可见, 随着中国经济社会的迅速发展, 工业化、城镇化进程大大增加了化石能源的消费, 碳足迹从而增大. 为了应对气候变化实现低碳增长, 中国应采取相应的措施积极调整能源结构, 促进能源利用效率提高 |
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其他语种文摘
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Carbon footprint, originating from the concept of ecological footprint,is referred to as the amount of CO_2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion. It has recently been receiving attention from the scientific community and the public. It has been applied to quantify the impact of human activities related to energy on the atmosphere and climate. In the context of global climate change, particularly after China became one of the biggest greenhouse gases emitters since year 2007, there is an urgent need to estimate CO_2 emissions of China. In this paper, the authors used the apparent consumption method recommend by IPCC to calculate China's carbon footprints during the period 1992-2007, and also calculated carbon footprints for each province of China in year 2007. Result indicated:1)between 1992 to 2007, China's carbon footprint increased by almost 3 times, especially since year 2001, showing a relatively higher growth rate. However,it experienced a decline from 1997 to 2000;2)the carbon footprint from coal combustion constituted the highest proportion of the overall carbon footprint in China, accounting for roughly 82%in 2007;3)carbon footprints for Shandong and Jiangsu were found to be large, whereas that in Qinghai and Gansu were small. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and Shanghai ranked highest in terms of per capita carbon footprint, while Hainan Province, Sichuan Province, and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were the lowest;4)the carbon footprint intensity(CFI) in western China was generally higher than that in eastern and central China. The CFI in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was the highest and Beijing was the lowest;and 5)the carbon footprint per unit area in Shanghai was significantly higher than any other region. Furthermore, characteristics and distributions of China's carbon footprint were elaborated. Currently, the scale of carbon footprint is closely related to economic growth. Due to global climate change which might affect people's living more frequently and greatly,as the second largest economy and the largest developing country, China has to take immediate action to deal with high carbon emissions. However, the balance between carbon emissions reduction and socio-economic development should be achieved simultaneously given China's large population and the disparity in development level between urban and rural areas, eastern and western areas. A healthier and more sustainable development mode should therefore be developed,to achieve intensive usage of fossil fuel, efficient energy mining and transportation, and ultimately a low-carbon development |
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来源
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资源科学
,2010,32(11):2053-2058 【核心库】
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关键词
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碳足迹
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表观消费量
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中国
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地址
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中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京, 100101
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1007-7588 |
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学科
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能源与动力工程 |
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基金
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国家科技支撑计划项目
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国家973计划
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国家自然科学基金资助项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:4051305
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