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自我主观标准决定执行任务和观察任务中的结果评价
Self-relevant Criteria Determine the Evaluation of Outcomes in the Self-performance and Other-performance Gambling Task

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吴燕 1   余荣军 2   周晓林 2   罗跃嘉 1 *  
文摘 为了解结果的自我相关性对执行任务和观察任务中内侧额叶负波的影响,研究使用事件相关电位技术观测男女被试在两种任务中,知觉自己结果和他人结果时的神经活动.结果发现执行任务中内侧额叶负波波幅大于观察任务;在执行任务中,男性的内侧额叶负波相对于他人结果,观察自己结果时的波幅更大;在观察任务中,女性的内侧额叶负波相对于自己结果,观察他人结果时的波幅更大,这些结果说明内侧额叶负波反映了个体按照主观标准对结果的情绪动机意义进行监测,男女对社会信息的奖赏评价具有不同的方向性.
其他语种文摘 Fast outcome evaluation allows for rapid decision-making and adjustment for future behavior. Recent studies utilizing event-related potentials (ERPs) technique to investigate the evaluative processes in the brain, have found a negative deflection mainly at the media-frontal regions of the brain, called as feedback related negativity (also called, media-frontal negativity, MFN). First, MFN was found in the self-performance task, reflecting that the outcomes were first evaluated as worse than what was anticipated. Subsequent studies found the MFN effects were also obtained in the other-performance gambling tasks while perceiving the outcome, reflecting subjective judgments about whether an event has positive or negative value for the monitored individuals. Our previous study found the MFN was larger in their self-performance task than the other-performance gambling task, but the outcomes of both tasks were their self-related outcomes, with females response differing from males. Previous studies didn't separate these confusing factors and it is not clear whether the MFN amplitude is sensitive to their self-performance outcome or their self-related outcome. So we want to investigate the mechanism of perceiving self-related outcome and other-related outcome separately in both gambling tasks. If the MFN of self-related and other-related outcome shows no difference in the self-performance tasks, besides, the amplitude of MFN in the self-performance gambling task is larger than in the other-performance gambling tasks, these suggest that the MFN is sensitive to the self-response outcome. Nevertheless, we should consider the gender difference. Thirty-two participants (16 males and 16 females) completed the self-performance gambling task and observed the other-performance gambling task, and both gambling tasks included self-related outcome and other-related outcome. The electroencephalogram was recorded from 64 scalp electrodes. All of the data were segmented into 700ms epochs, including a lOOms pre-stimulus baseline period, based on time markers for the onset of the feedback stimuli. The MFN was statistically evaluated using SPSS 16.0 with multiple df repeated measures comparisons. We found that the MFN amplitude was larger in self-performance task than the other-performance task, and the self-related and other-related outcome didn't show any difference, indicating that the MFN is sensitive to their self-response outcome. Subjects has strong motivation about their self-related outcome, but while perceiving the other-related outcome, in the one hand, they didn't want to another people to win; in the other hand, they also didn't want to another people to lose. In the self-performance task, when males perceived their self-related outcomes, the MFN was larger than perceiving other-related outcomes. On the contrary, in the other-performance task, the females elicited larger MFN while perceiving other-related outcomes than self-related outcomes. In both tasks, females elicited larger MFN while perceiving other-related outcomes than males. The results indicate that the MFN is sensitive to social information about affective motivation impacts. All of these results suggest that the evaluation criteria are different between monitoring their self-performance outcomes and other-performance outcomes of social information. Male and female responses vary in different directions of valence and have various significance of affective motivation in terms of whether gains or losses are negative for themselves. Gender differences in complex social behavior, results from the different mechanism of rapid outcome evaluation processing based on individual subjective criteria.
来源 心理学报 ,2010,42(2):279-287 【核心库】
关键词 内侧额叶负波 ; 性别差异 ; 结果评价 ; 赌博任务
地址

1. 北京师范大学, 认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室, 北京, 100875  

2. 北京大学,脑科学与认知科学中心, 北京, 100871

语种 中文
ISSN 0439-755X
学科 社会科学总论
基金 国家自然科学基金 ;  国家教育部创新团队发展计划
文献收藏号 CSCD:3849979

参考文献 共 27 共2页

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引证文献 1 篇

1 杨帅 人际距离调节自我-他人的神经表征:来自oFRN 的证据 心理学报,2014,46(5):666-676
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