稻田冬闲期间覆盖稻草的生态效应
Ecological effect of straw mulch on wintry fallow paddy
查看参考文献27篇
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文摘
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冬季覆盖和裸田休闲作为两种主要的冬闲方式,在我国南方地区广泛存在,且有扩大趋势.研究其生态效应,具有良好的理论及实践意义.以湖南亚热带双季稻作区为典型研究区域,以耕层土壤温湿度、田间植被生长、温室气体排放为主要指标,研究早晚稻稻草覆盖还田与无覆盖还田两种冬闲方式生态效应的不同.试验结果表明,稻草覆盖还田对冬闲稻田的生态效应主要包括4个方面:保温、保水、抑制田间杂草生长以及增加了指向大气的CO_2排放.覆盖对土温的影响主要在地下5cm层,试验期内,温度较无覆盖平均高出1.0～3.2℃;覆盖对耕层水分的影响主要在0～15cm层,覆盖与无覆盖之间差异达到极显著水平;另外覆盖显著改变了冬闲稻田生态系统的CO_2与大气的交换情况,试验期内,由无覆盖的固定了CO_2气体4.13 tCO_2·hm~(-2)转为覆盖处理的净排放3.06 tCO_2·hm~(-2),致使冬闲稻田由大气的碳汇变为碳源. |
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其他语种文摘
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Straw mulch is a very common measure during wintry fallow period that can last more than five months in southern China. However, few studies have investigated the effects of straw mulch during the winter fallow season. Experiment was started at Taoyuan Agro-ecological station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to find out the effect of straw mulch on agro-ecosystem and settle a foundation of exploring economically feasible and eco-friendly mulching option. Two treatments were set: with 4000 kg·hm~(-2) straw mulch in winter and 3500 kg·hm~(-2)straw mulch in late spring per year and CK. Both treatments were replicated twice in a complete randomized block design. Through the experiment, we monitored the dynamics of soil temperature and moisture, CO_2 fluxes from the wintry paddy ecosystem, and investigated the growth of weeds. The results showed that straw mulching on wintry fallow paddy would be heat preservation, the temperature of upper layer ( 0 - 5cm ) was 1.0 - 3. 2℃ higher than CK; Mulching significantly retarded the loss of soil moisture in surface layer (0 - 15cm) , and also restrained the growth of weed. Furthermore, mulching strongly influenced the CO_2 fluxes between agro-ecosystems and atmosphere. During the experiment, while CK fixed 4. 13 tCO_2·hm~(-2) from atmosphere, the mulched treatment released 3.06 tCO_2·hm~(-2) into air. |
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来源
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生态学报
,2009,29(4):2162-2168 【核心库】
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关键词
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冬闲稻田覆盖
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土壤温度
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土壤含水量
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杂草
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CO_2通量
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地址
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中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 湖南, 长沙, 410125
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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简报 |
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ISSN
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1000-0933 |
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学科
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普通生物学 |
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基金
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中国科学院知识创新工程项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:3643739
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