高原鼠兔刈割行为与栖息地植物群落的关系
The relationship of the harvesting behavior of plateau pikas with the plant community
查看参考文献25篇
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文摘
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采用观察法和样条法对不同栖息地高原鼠兔刈割植物的行为、相对频次、生物量百分比以及刈割植物与鼠兔冬季食物组成之间的关系进行了分析,并阐述了高原鼠兔刈割植物的生物学意义.结果表明:高原鼠兔刈割植物始于每年的6月下旬,早于其它草原小型哺乳动物贮草时间.不同栖息地鼠兔对植物的刈割频次和生物量比例并非完全一致.在矮嵩草草甸,鼠兔刈割频次较高的为垂穗披碱草、二柱头藨草、甘肃棘豆、短穗兔耳草、铺散亚菊和鹅绒萎陵菜;这些植物生物量所占比例亦较高,仅短穗兔耳草比例较低;在垂穗披碱草草甸,鼠兔刈割频次较高的为垂穗披碱草和早熟禾;垂穗披碱草生物量较高;而在杂类草草甸,鼠兔主要刈割植物为铺散亚菊、大籽蒿、黄帚橐吾、长茎藁本和圆齿狗娃花,生物量比例较高的主要为铺散亚菊.相似性分析结果表明,不同栖息地间鼠兔刈割植物频次和生物量比例差异较大,相似性系数最大分别为0.7862和0.6100,最小仅为0.1422和0.1035,而同一栖息地间鼠兔刈割植物频次和生物量差异相对较小,相似性系数最高达0.9203和0.8490,最小亦达到0.6662和0.4440,表明栖息地变化对鼠兔刈割植物频次和比例有明显的影响作用.鼠兔刈割主要植物频次和生物量比例与冬季主要食物组成的相关分析结果表明,生物量比例与主要食物组成呈显著的正相关(r=0.8412,df=6,P<0.05),而刈割植物频次与主要食物相关不显著. |
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其他语种文摘
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The harvesting behavior, the relative frequencies and percentages of plants harvested by pikas, and the relation of harvested plants composition with the food items in winter were analyzed by the direct observation and strip sampling methods, and explained the biological significance of harvesting behavior for pikas. The results showed that pikas harvested plants in June, ahead of the caching time for other rodents. The relative frequency and biomass percentages of plants harvested by pikas were different in three kinds of habitats. In the Kobresia humilis meadow, the plants with the higher harvest relative frequency were Elymus nulans, Scirpus distigmaticus, Oxytropis karisuensis, Lagotis beachystachya, Ajania khartensis, Polentilla anserine, and the higher biomass percentages were the same; only the biomass percentages of L. beachyslachya decreased. In the E. nulans meadow, the plants with the higher harvest relative frequency were E. nulans and Poa sp. , and the plant with the higher biomass percentage was E. nulans. In the forbs meadow, the plants with the higher harvest relative frequency were A. khartensis, Artemisia sieversiana, Ligularia virgaurea, Ligusticum thomsonii and Heterpappus crenalifolius, the plant with the higher biomass percentage was A. khartensis. The higher similarity coefficients of the harvest plants relative frequency and the biomass percentages were 0.7862 and 0.6100 respectively, while the smaller ones only were 0.1422 and 0.1035 between different habitats, and these showed a significant difference. However, in the same habitats, the higher similarity coefficient of the harvest plants relative frequency and the biomass percentages were 0.9203 and 0.8490 respectively, and the smaller ones were 0.6662 and 0.4440 between different months. This result indicated that plant community change can cause a change of the plant species and compositions harvested by pikas, and showed that fitness regulation for pikas is related to changing habitats. The correlation analysis between the harvest relative frequency and the food items in winter showed a non-significant positive correlation ( r = 0. 4075 , df=6, P >0.05) , and it showed a significant positive correlation (r=0.8412, df = 6, P<0.05) between the harvest biomass percentages and the food items in winter. |
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来源
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兽类学报
,2009,29(1):40-49 【核心库】
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关键词
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高原鼠兔
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刈割
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栖息地
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植物群落
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地址
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1.
中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 青海, 西宁, 810001
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青海三江源自然保护区管理局, 青海, 西宁, 810008
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青海省草原总站, 青海, 西宁, 810001
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中国科学院研究生院, 北京, 100049
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1000-1050 |
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学科
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动物学 |
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基金
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国家“十五”科技攻关重大项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:3556887
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