外来植物肿柄菊（Tithonia diversifolia）的繁殖特性及其地理扩散
Reproductive characteristics of Tithonia diversifolia and its geographical spread in Yunnan Province of South-West China
查看参考文献11篇
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文摘
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肿柄菊Tithonia diversifolia（Hemsl.）A.Gray原产墨西哥及中美洲,被作为观赏及绿肥植物引入我国各地栽培。引入云南栽培的肿柄菊于20世纪30年代在云南南部逃逸生长,现在云南的热带、南亚热带和中亚热带地区形成危害。为了查明肿柄菊的扩散特点和入侵潜能,对选取的5个不同地理气候条件下的肿柄菊居群的果序直径、每序结实量、结籽率、千粒重、种子大小（长和宽）等6个指标进行统计分析。结果表明,6个生物学指标在5个居群间都具有极显著差异（p〈0.01）,并随着居群间地理气候条件差异的增大,这6个指标值在居群间的差异也有增大趋势。对新鲜采集的不同居群种子在15、20、25、30、35℃下做萌发实验,结果显示在前4种温度条件下5个居群间的种子萌发率有极显著差异（p〈0.01）,在35℃下萌发率有显著差异（p〈0.05）,并且5个居群的种子最高萌发率不相同且差异极显著（p〈0.01）。分析对比作者以往对肿柄菊群落特征和克隆繁殖特性的研究结果认为,虽然肿柄菊在不同的地理气候条件下有性繁殖特性有较大差异,但群落结构差异不大,危害程度表现相似;由于肿柄菊有性繁殖和克隆繁殖的协同作用,使其通过人为引种、道路交通、水流等传播到新的地域后,极易建立新种群,并形成单优种群落而不断侵占和统治新的领地。 |
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其他语种文摘
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Tithonia diversifolia（Hemsl.）A.Gray（Asteraceae）,a native of Mexico and Center America,has long been cultivated in China as an ornamental and green manure plant.It first became naturalized in south Yunnan Province ca.1930,and it is now recognized as a damaging invasive species in the tropical,southern and central sub-tropical regions of China.In order to understand its methods of dispersal and invasive potential,six biological indexes ／[infructescence diameter,seed（achene）number per infructescence,seed set,1000-seed weight,seed length and width／] were analyzed among T.diversifolia populations in five geographically and climatically different areas.Seed germination at 15,20,25,30℃ and 35℃ was also tested.All six biological indexes were significantly different（p〈0.01）among the five populations.Seed germination rate among the five populations was also significantly different（p〈0.01 respectively at 15℃,20℃,25℃ and 30℃ but p〈0.05 at 35℃）.The highest seed germination rate from each of the five populations was also significantly different（p 〈 0.01）.Several conclusions can be drawn,based on these results and our previous studies of the cloning ability of T.diversifolia and its role natural communities.①Although the seed reproductive characteristics among the T.diversifolia populations are significantly different,the species＇ role in communities and its potential for damage are similar.②The great reproductive capacity of T.diversifolia combined with its strong clonal growth facilitates its ability to become a community dominant,once it enters a new range via dispersal by animals,transportation networks and rivers. |
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来源
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生态学报
,2008,28(3):1307-1313 【核心库】
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关键词
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肿柄菊（Tithonia
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diversifolia）
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外来植物
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繁殖特性
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地理扩散
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地址
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中国科学院昆明植物研究所昆明植物园, 云南, 昆明, 650204
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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简报 |
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ISSN
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1000-0933 |
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学科
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植物学 |
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基金
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云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才培养基金
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国家973计划
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:3257568
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