钚同位素法示踪中国领海核爆散落物钚的主要来源与迁移途径
SOURCES AND TRANSPORT ROUTE OF PLUTONIUM IN THE CHINA＇ S SEAS
查看参考文献36篇
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文摘
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使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪，对东海及冲绳海槽沉积物、南海及邻近海域以及西北太平洋表层水中~(240)Pu／~(239)Pu同位素比值进行了测定，以确定中国领海核爆散落核素钚的主要来源及迁移途径。结果显示：东海及冲绳海槽沉积物中~(240)Pu／~(239)Pu比值分布于0．24～0．31之间，南海及邻近海域以及西北太平洋表层水~(240)Pu／~(239)Pu比值也处于0．22～0．24之间，都明显高于全球大气理论沉降值0．18。根据~(240)Pu／~(239)Pu比值及其在沉积物芯中的分布特征分析，二十世纪50年代早期美国在北太平洋马绍尔群岛进行的核爆实验，被认为是中国领海及其邻近海域除全球大气沉降外的另一重要的钚的来源。模式计算显示，东海及冲绳沉积物中约55％、中国南海及其邻近海域表层水中约40％、西北太平洋表层水中约20％的钚，来自北太平洋核爆基地。北太平洋赤道环流及其在西北太平洋的分支洋流是钚自核爆地向中国领海迁移的主要通道。 |
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其他语种文摘
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~(240)Pu/~(239)Pu isotopic ratios in the East China Sea and Okinawa Trough sediments and in the South China Sea and western North Pacific surface seawaters were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) to constrain the sources and transport route of plutonium in China's seas.The results showed that ~(240)Pu/~(239)Pu ratios ranging from 0.24 to 0.31 in the East China Sea and Okinawa sediments,from 0.22 to 0.24 in the South China Sea and western North Pacific Ocean surface waters,were significantly higher than the reported value of 0.18 for global fallout.These ratios suggested that US nuclear weapon tests in the early 1950's at the Pacific Proving Grounds in the Marshall Islands provided a major source of plutonium in China's seas and adjacent seas,in addition to the global fallout source.The calculated results by the two end-member mixing model showed that the contributions of the Pacific Proving Grounds close-in fallout plutonium account for 55 % in the East China Sea and Okinawa Trough sediments,40% in the South China Sea and 20% in western North Pacific Ocean surface waters of the total plutonium inventories.It was proposed that close-in fallout plutonium was delivered from the Pacific Proving Grounds test sites by the North Pacific Equatorial Circulation system and its branch currents in western North Pacific Ocean. |
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来源
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地球与环境
,2007,35(4):289-296 【核心库】
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关键词
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钚
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中国领海
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北太平洋核爆基地
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北太平洋赤道环流
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地址
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中国科学院地球化学研究所, 环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵州, 贵阳, 550002
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Nakaminato Laboratory for Marine Radioecology National Institute of Radiological Sciences， Isozaki, Japan
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1672-9250 |
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学科
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地质学 |
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基金
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国家自然科学基金
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:3063690
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