江河源区退化天然草地的恢复及其生态效益分析
Recovery and benefit analysis of ecology on degraded natural grassland of the source region of yangze and yellow rivers
查看参考文献7篇
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文摘
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根据天然草地退化程度的差异,采用松耙+补播+施肥+封育(退化较严重的草地)、封育+施肥(轻度退化草地)等措施,植物群落物种组成、多样性等特征值及其植被盖度发生明显变化.研究第2年结果表明,物种数封育+施肥处理最高(32种),对照居中(26种),补播+施肥处理最低(13种);多样性指数大小依次为封育+施肥(3.126)、对照(2.819)、补播+施肥(1.494);均匀度指数大小依次为封育+施肥(0.902)、对照(0.865)、补播+施肥(0.582);群落总盖度大小依次为封育+施肥(85.9%)、补播+施肥(79.7%)、对照(72.9%);补播+施肥+封育处理后地上生物量最大(460.65 g/m2),原生植被+封育+施肥处理居中(310.14 g/m2),对照最低(178.96 g/m2);地下生物量大小依次为封育+施肥(6 920.37 g/m2)、补播+施肥(1 458.96 g/m2)、对照(828.91 g/m2);补播+施肥+封育处理优良牧草较对照提高近50倍,杂草类减少82.81%,封育+施肥处理较对照良牧草比例提高48倍,杂草类比例减少80.46%.半人工草地通过灭除杂草和施肥相结合的示范试验表明:单纯进行灭杂,地上生物量减少,灭杂和施肥相结合不仅可提高地上生物量,而且可提高优良牧草的比例;不同处理区土壤养分含量各不相同,其中封育+施肥处理全氮、全碳、有机碳最高,对照居中,补播+施肥较低. |
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其他语种文摘
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According to degradation degree of natural grassland,relevant treatments were used such as scarification +reseeding +enclosure (for heavily degraded grassland), enclosure +fertilize (for light-ly degraded grassland). These treatments make plant community structure and plant cover change sig-nificantly. The results after two yeas recovery showed that the species number represented by enclo-sure +fertilize treatment (32 species) > Control (26 species) > reseeding -(-fertilize treatment (13 species). The species diversity index had the same trend with the species number. The evenness index represented by enclosure -(-fertilize treatment (0. 902) > CK (0. 865) > reseeding + fertilize treat-ment (0. 582). The vegetation total cover decreased from enclosure +fertilize treatment (85. 9%) to reseeding + fertilize treatment (79.7%) to Control (72.9%). The aboveground biomass decreased from reseeding + fertilize treatment (460.65 g/m2) to natural grassland+enclosure + fertilize treat-ment (310. 14g/m2) to Control (178. 96g/m2). The underground biomass decreased from enclosure-f-fertilize treatment (6 920. 37g/m2) to reseeding + fertilize ( 1458. 96g/m2 ) treatment to Control (828. 91g/m2). The high-quality grasses in reseeding +fertilize treatment and enclosure +fertilize treatment were 50 and 48 times higher than that in Control. Forbs in reseeding + fertilize treatment and enclosure + fertilize treatment decreased by 82. 21% and 80. 46% compared to that in Control. Semi-artificial grassland established by killing forbs and fertilize, The results showed that the combi-nation of killing forbs with fertilize treatment may increase not only above-biomass but also proportion of high quality herbage. But production can not be increased at only killing forbs treatment. The soil nurture change was enclosure -^-fertilize treatment > Control > reseeding -(-fertilize treatment |
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来源
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草业科学
,2004,21(12):37-41 【扩展库】
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关键词
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江河源区
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退化天然草地
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恢复
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生态效益分析
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地址
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1.
中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 青海, 西宁, 810001
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青海畜牧兽医职业学院, 青海, 湟源, 810600
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1001-0629 |
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学科
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畜牧、动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂 |
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基金
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国家“十五”科技攻关重大项目
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中国科学院资源与生态环境研究重点项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:1676795
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