黄土丘陵小流域土地利用的时空分布及其与地形因子的关系
Spatio-t5emporal distribution of land use in relation to topography in a gully catchment of theLoess Plateau,China
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文摘
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采用航片解读、实地调查、土地规划和基于GIS的统计分析相结合的方法，从土地利用面积和地形分布格局的变化分析入手，研究了黄土丘陵小流域土地利用的时空分布格局及其影响因子。研究结果表明，黄土丘陵区大南沟小流域的土地利用变化可以分成两个阶段，第一阶段从1975、1998年到25℃退耕，林地／灌木地面积增加，荒草地、休闲地和耕地的面积减少，果园／经济林地的面积变化不明显；第二阶段即3种土地利用规划方案，包括25°、20°和15°退耕方案，林地／灌木地和荒草地的面积保持不变，耕地和休闲地逐渐被果园／经济林地所替代。汇总和相关分析表明，这5种土地利用类型的地形分布格局也发生相应的变化。研究指出，近20年来，大南沟小流域土地利用格局日趋优化，3种土地利用规划方案体现了土地持续利用的生态、经济和社会效益，具有很强的操作性。 |
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其他语种文摘
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The spatio-temporal distribution of land use and its relation to several terrain indices were studied in Danangou Catchment(3.5km~2)on the Loess Plateau,China.The previous land use map was interpreted from an aerial photo in 1975(LU75)and the present land use map was compiled based on the field survey in 1998(LU98).The future land-use maps were made based on three land-use scenarios in which cropland areas are restricted to slope gradients smaller than 25(FA25),20(FA20)and 15 degrees(FA15).The 25 and 20-degree limit scenario can be seen as short-term (before 2005)and intermediate (2005-2010) scenarios, and the 15-degree limit scenario can be seen as long-term scenario (after 2010).A temporal sequence of land use dynamics in the catchment consists of these five land-use maps.Two stages were recognized based on the comparison analysis on there five maps.In the first stage from LU75,LU98 to FA25,th area of the wood/shrub land increases while those of the wasteland ,fallow land and cropland decrease,and the orchard/cash-tree land remains the same.During the second stage consisting of the FA25,FA20 and ,there is a gradual decrease in the cropland and fallow land and a gradual increase in the orchard/cash-tree land;the other land-use types remain the same.Consequently,it is found that the topographic distribution pattern of each land use type also displays the corresponding change based on the statistical analysis on the relationships between the land use type and several terrain indices.During the first stage,the wood/shrub land changes from eastwards or northwards to westwards or southwards,from the profile-concave-slope to the profileconvex-slope ,from the plan-convex-slope to the concave-slope,increases in the slope gradient in the relative elevation.The wasteland also increases in the slope gradient,but shows opposite changes in the slope aspect,surface curvature and relative elevation as the wood/shrub land.The fallow land and cropland keep the same condition in the slope aspect,but show a stable decreasing trend in the profile-convex-degree,plan-concave-degree,slope gradient and relative elevation.The orchard/cash-tree land also remains the same aspect,but shows opposite change in the surface curvature and the slope gradient,and displays a decreasing-then-increasing trend in the relative elevation.During the second stage,the wood/shrub land change from the eastwards or northwards to the westwards or southwards,and gradually decrease in the profile-convex-degree,plan-concave-degree,slope gradient and relative elevation.The orchard/cash tree land also decreases in the slope gradient,while exhibits an opposite change in the other topographical indices as comparing to the cropland and the fallow land.In a word,it is indicated that the land use pattern of this catchment is getting more sound in the sustainable land use during the recent decades,and especially the three land-use scenarios have advantages in ecology,economy and society. |
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来源
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自然资源学报
,2003,18(1):20-29 【核心库】
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关键词
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黄土丘陵区
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土地利用
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空间分布
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时间变化
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地形因子
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地址
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1.
中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 中科院系统生态开放实验室, 北京, 100085
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国土资源部土地整理中心, 北京, 100035
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1000-3037 |
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学科
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社会科学总论 |
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基金
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国家自然科学基金
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国家自然科学基金
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:1353112
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