中国南部高等真菌的热带亲缘
Tropical Affinities of Higher Fungi in Southern China
查看参考文献80篇
文摘
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中国南部,特别是北回归线以南的地区,高等真菌区系与世界热带真菌区系有着广泛的联系。该地区高等真菌具有明显的热带性质,主要有泛热带成分、热带亚洲—热带非洲和热带亚洲的成分,尽管在该区高等真菌区系中也有相当比重的温带成分。该区系中某些属种可能有古南大陆起源的背景,另一些区系成分与热带亚洲的有密切的亲缘关系。 |
其他语种文摘
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Different kinds of tropical vegetations and evergreen broad-leafed forests are distributed over the vast region of southern China, in which there occur abundant fungi. Nearly 1200 genera and over 5000 species of higher fungi, including Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, have been reported from the region. Based on reliable records and own experiences of the authors, tropical affinities of the higher fungi there were analysed. The higher fungi are mainly composed of some members of the families Xylariaceae, Meli-olaceae, Hyaloscyphaceae, Helotiaceae, Sarcosomataceae, Sarcoscyphaceae, Auriculariaceae, Exidi-aceae, Tremellaceae, Pterulaceae, Podoscyphaceae, Ganodermataceae, Polyporaceae, Grammothe-leaceae, Phakopsoraceae, Raveneliaceae, Ustilaginaceae, Agaricaceae, Pluteaceae, Marasmiaceae, Tricholomataceae, Entolomataceae, Boletaceae, Boletinellaceae and Phallaceae. The geographic distribution patterns of the higher fungi were drawn and discussed in 11 types: 1) Cosmopolitan or subcos-mopolitan elements; 2) Pantropical elements; 3) Palaeotropical elements; 4) Tropic Asian-Tropic African elements; 5) Tropic Asian elements; 6) Tropic Asian-Tropical Australian elements; 7) Tropic Asian-Tropic Australian-Tropic American elements; 8) Northern temperate (including Eurasian) elements; 9) East Asian-North American elements; 10) East Asian elements; 11) Endemic elements. The mycoflora of higher fungi has various connections with those of tropical regions of the world and is rich in tropical elements (for instance, in Menglun of southern Yunnan Province, 67.3% of the total genera,number of temperate elements (32.7 % of the total genera, 32.3 % of the total species) and some endemic species. Pantropical, Tropic Asian-Tropic African, and Tropic Asian elements are the main tropical components of the fungal flora. It has been suggested that some of the genera, and a quite number of the species of higher fungi in southern China may have origin background of the Gondwanaland, while several genera and a large number of species seem to have historical affinities in common with those of the Tropical Asia. |
来源
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云南植物研究
,2003,25(2):129-144 【核心库】
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关键词
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中国
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南部地区
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高等真菌
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热带成分
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亲缘关系
;
分布区类型
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组成成分
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地址
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中国科学院昆明植物研究所, 云南, 昆明, 650204
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语种
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中文 |
文献类型
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研究性论文 |
ISSN
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0253-2700 |
学科
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植物学 |
基金
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国家自然科学基金
;
云南省自然科学基金
;
云南大学云南省工业微生物发酵工程重点实验室开放基金
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:1329352
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