生物炭对旱作农田土壤理化性质及作物产量的影响
Influence of Biochar on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Crop Yields in Rainfed Field
查看参考文献30篇
|
文摘
|
生物炭因其结构和功能特性受到国内外学者广泛关注,在农业土壤改良培肥、固碳减排等方面展现出巨大的应用潜力,但基于田间长期定位试验,开展生物炭对大田土壤理化性质及作物产量的影响研究尚不多见。以西南地区玉米(Zea mays L.)-油菜(Brassica campestris L.)轮作农田为研究对象,通过不同生物炭添加比例的田间定位试验研究了生物炭施用对旱作农田土壤容重、pH值、有机质、矿质态氮、有效磷、含水量等理化性质以及作物产量的影响,试验共设4个处理:单施复合肥、尿素(C0);复合肥、尿素+20 t·hm~(-2)生物炭(C2);复合肥、尿素+50 t·hm~(-2)生物炭(C5);复合肥、尿素+100 t·hm~(-2)生物炭(C10)。结果表明:与C0对比,C5和C10处理均显著降低了土壤容重,降低幅度分别为14.6%和32.5%;C2、C5和C10处理土壤年均pH比对照组分别提高了0.10、0.17和0.15个单位;处理组土壤中有机质含量比对照组分别提高44.9%、137.7%和297.2%;土壤硝态氮含量比对照组分别提高了38.0%、26.3%和88.4%;土壤有效磷含量分别提高了34.8%、135.0%和232.2%;生物炭处理下土壤年均含水量比对照组分别提高了8.8%、29.1%和44.7%。玉米、油菜籽实和均表现为生物炭处理高于对照组。玉米籽实提高7.6%~20.3%,玉米根茎叶生物量提高8.6%~46.8%;油菜籽实产量提高显著,高于对照组15.7%~35.4%,根茎叶生物量提高-17.2%~30.3%。综合来看,本试验条件下,生物炭施用有利于降低土壤容重,提高土壤 pH、有机质含量、NO_3~--N含量、有效磷含量、含水量,显示出生物炭作为土壤改良剂施用于农田能有效改良土壤理化性质和提高耕作性能。 |
|
其他语种文摘
|
There has been an increased interest in biochar due to its structural and functional properties. Biochar has shown great potential in fertilizing and improving agricultural soils, and carbon sequestration and abatement. However, few literature has been reported about the influence of biochar on soil physical and chemical properties and crop yields based on long-term field trail. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of biochar amendment on the soil bulk density, pH, organic matter, nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), available phosphorous and water content in a rainfed field with corn-rapeseed rotation in SW China. Four treatments installed in this experiment were C0 (compound fertilizer, urea), C2 (compound fertilizer, urea plus 20 t·hm~(-2) biochar), C5 (compound fertilizer, urea plus 50 t·hm~(-2) biochar), C10 (compound fertilizer, urea plus 100 t·hm~(-2) biochar). Results showed that biochar additions in C5 and C10 significantly decreased soil bulk density by 14.6%and 32.5%comparing to C0. Under biochar addition, soil pH was increased by 0.10, 0.17 and 0.15 in C2, C5 and C10, respectively;soil organic matter (SOM) content increased by 44.9%, 137.7% and 297.2%; nitrate nitrogen content increased by 38.0%, 26.3% and 88.4%;available phosphorous content increased by 34.8%, 135.0%and 232.2%. Also, biochar addition increased average annual soil water content by 8.8%, 29.1%and 44.7%. Seed and biomass yield of both maize and rape observed improvements in all biochar-amended plots compared to the control. Maize seed and biomass yield of increased by 7.6%~20.3% and 8.6%~46.8%; rape seed yield increased significantly by 15.7%~35.4%, and biomass yield by -17.2%~30.3%. These results indicated biochar treatment was conducive in lowering the soil bulk density and enhancing the soil pH, organic matter, nitrate nitrogen(NO_3~--N), available phosphorous and water content, suggesting that as soil conditioner, biochar will obviously improve soil physical and chemical properties and increase the soil nutrient supplying capacity. |
|
来源
|
生态环境学报
,2014,23(8):1292-1297 【核心库】
|
|
关键词
|
生物炭
;
土壤理化性质
;
作物产量
;
土壤改良剂
|
|
地址
|
1.
中华全国供销合作总社天津再生资源研究所, 环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 天津, 300191
2.
中国科学院地球化学研究所, 环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵州, 贵阳, 550002
3.
中华全国供销合作总社天津再生资源研究所, 天津, 300191
|
|
语种
|
中文 |
|
文献类型
|
研究性论文 |
|
ISSN
|
1674-5906 |
|
学科
|
农业基础科学 |
|
基金
|
国家农业科技成果转化资金项目
;
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项
;
贵州省农业科技攻关项目
;
贵州省科技支撑计划项目
|
|
文献收藏号
|
CSCD:5272558
|
参考文献 共
30
共2页
|
|
1.
Birk J. Microbial response to charcoal amendments and fertilization of a highly weathered tropical soil.
Amazonian Dark Earths. Wim Sombroek's Vision,2009:309-324
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
2.
Brodowski S. Aggregate-occluded black carbon in soil.
European Journal of Soil Science,2006,57:539-546
|
CSCD被引
85
次
|
|
|
|
|
3.
Bruun S. Carbon sequestration with biochar-stability and effect on decomposition of soil organic matter.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science: 2009: IOP Publishing: 242010,2009
|
CSCD被引
10
次
|
|
|
|
|
4.
Glaser B. Black carbon in density fractions of anthropogenic soils of the Brazilian Amazon region.
Organic Geochemistry,2000,31(7):669-678
|
CSCD被引
85
次
|
|
|
|
|
5.
Glaser B. The'Terra Preta'phenomenon: a model for sustainable agriculture in the humid tropics.
Naturwissenschaften,2001,88(1):37-41
|
CSCD被引
99
次
|
|
|
|
|
6.
Glaser B. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal-a review.
Biology and Fertility of Soils,2002,35(4):219-230
|
CSCD被引
340
次
|
|
|
|
|
7.
Goldberg E D. Black carbon in the environment: properties and distribution.
Black carbon in the environment: properties and distribution,1985:10-98
|
CSCD被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
8.
Jeffery S. A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis.
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment,2011,144(1):175-187
|
CSCD被引
187
次
|
|
|
|
|
9.
Karhu K. Biochar addition to agricultural soil increased CH4 uptake and water holding capacity- Results from a short-term pilot field study.
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment,2011,140(1):309-313
|
CSCD被引
137
次
|
|
|
|
|
10.
Laird D A. Impact of biochar amendments on the quality of a typical Midwestern agricultural soil.
Geoderma,2010,158(3):443-449
|
CSCD被引
230
次
|
|
|
|
|
11.
Lehmann J. Bio-char sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems-a review.
Mitigation and adaptation strategies for global change,2006,11(2):395-419
|
CSCD被引
383
次
|
|
|
|
|
12.
Lehmann J.
Biochar for environmental management: science and technology,2009:107-157
|
CSCD被引
6
次
|
|
|
|
|
13.
Lehmann J. Nutrient availability and leaching in an archaeological Anthrosol and a Ferralsol of the Central Amazon basin: fertilizer, manure and charcoal amendments.
Plant and Soil,2003,249(2):343-357
|
CSCD被引
266
次
|
|
|
|
|
14.
Lehmann J. Bio-energy in the black.
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,2007,5(7):381-387
|
CSCD被引
188
次
|
|
|
|
|
15.
Liang B. Black carbon affects the cycling of non-black carbon in soil.
Organic Geochemistry,2010,41(2):206-213
|
CSCD被引
84
次
|
|
|
|
|
16.
Liang B. Black carbon increases cation exchange capacity in soils.
Soil Science Society of America Journal,2006,70(5):1719-1730
|
CSCD被引
329
次
|
|
|
|
|
17.
Nelissen V. Maize biochars accelerate short-term soil nitrogen dynamics in a loamy sand soil.
Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2012,55:20-27
|
CSCD被引
59
次
|
|
|
|
|
18.
Schmidt M W. Black carbon in soils and sediments: analysis, distribution, implications, and current challenges.
Global biogeochemical cycles,2000,14(3):777-793
|
CSCD被引
188
次
|
|
|
|
|
19.
Schomberg H H. Influence of biochar on nitrogen fractions in a coastal plain soil.
Journal of environmental quality,2012,41(4):1087-1095
|
CSCD被引
11
次
|
|
|
|
|
20.
Singh B. Characterisation and evaluation of biochars for their application as a soil amendment.
Soil Research,2010,48(7):516-525
|
CSCD被引
111
次
|
|
|
|
|
了解气象卫星更多信息，请访问