兴蒙造山带前中生代构造单元划分初探
Preliminary study on the pre-Mesozoic tectonic unit division of the Xing-Meng Orogenic Belt (XMOB)
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文摘
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本文根据古亚洲洋早古生代闭合、晚古生代伸展的观点初步建立了兴蒙造山带早、晚古生代的构造单元。以前寒武纪微陆块为基本划分单位，以它们之间的缝合带或断裂带为界，将兴蒙造山带中泥盆世之前的构造格局划分为“五块四带”，从北向南依次为额尔古纳地块、兴安地块、艾力格庙-锡林浩特地块、松辽-浑善达克地块及佳木斯地块；它们之间的4条边界为：新林-喜桂图缝合带、艾力格庙-锡林浩特-黑河缝合带、温都尔庙-吉中-延吉缝合带和牡丹江缝合带。中-晚泥盆世之后兴蒙造山带出现多处陆相及海陆交互相沉积，石炭纪广泛分布陆相及滨浅海相碎屑岩和碳酸盐建造和蛇绿岩、辉长岩、花岗岩及双峰式火山岩，可划分陆相盆地、陆表海盆地、蛇绿岩带、侵入岩带等构造单元。早-中二叠世沉积类型多变，出现陆相、海相和海陆交互相沉积岩系，遍含植物和滨浅海相动物化石，具大量双峰式火山岩，可划分出被动裂谷带、主动裂谷带、陆缘型蛇绿岩带和碱性岩带等构造单元。结尾讨论中指出兴蒙造山带内的放射虫化石不能代表二叠纪存在古亚洲洋，而新的古地磁资料支持至少从晚石炭世以来古亚洲洋已经闭合。 |
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其他语种文摘
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According to the viewpoint that the paleo-Asian ocean closed by the end of Early Paleozoic and extended during the Late Paleozoic, a pre-Mesozoic tectonic unit division has been suggested. Five blocks and four sutures have been recognized in the pre-Devonia stage,the five blocks are called Erguna (EB),Xing' an (XB) , Airgin Sum-Xilinhot (AXB) , Songliao-Hunshandak (SHB) and Jiamusi (JB) blocks and four sutures, Xinlin-Xiguitu (XXS),Airgin Sum-Xilinhot-Heihe (AXHS),Ondor Sum-Jizhong-Yanji (OJYS) and Mudanjiang (MS) sutures. The EB contains the Precambrian basement with the ages of 720 ~850Ma and ε_(Hf)(t) = + 2. 5 to + 8. 1. The XB is characterized by the Paleoproterozoic granitic gneiss with ε_(Hf)(t) = -3.9 to 8.9. Several ages from 1150Ma to 1500Ma bave been acquired in the AXB, proving presence of old block that links with Hutag Uul block in Mongolia to the west. The Paleoproterozoic (1.8~1. 9Ga) and Neoproterozoic (750 ~ 850Ma) ages have been reported from southern and eastern parts of the SHB,respectively,which suggests occurrence of a Precambrian block. As a small block in east margin of the XMOB, the JB outcrops magmatite and granitic gneiss bases with ages of 800 ~lOOOMa. The XXS is marked by blueschists with zircon ages of 490 ~500Ma in Toudaoqiao village,ophiolites in Xiguitu County and granite with ages of about 500Ma along the northern segment of XXS. The AXHS is characterized by the Early Paleozoic arc magmatic rocks with ages from 430Ma to 490Ma, melange and the Late Devonia molass basins,which indicates a northward subduction of the SHB beneath the AXB during the Early-Middle Paleozoic. The OJYS is composed of the Early Paleozoic volcanic rocks, diorites and granites with ages of 425 ~475Ma, blueschists, ophiolitic melange, the Late Silurian flysch and Early-Middle Devonian molasses in western segment, granites (420 ~ 450Ma) in middle segment, and plagiogranites (443Ma) and the Late Silurian molasses in eastern segment. This suture was caused by a southward subduction of the SHB beneath the North China block. The MS is between the SHB and JB, marked by the three phase granites of 485Ma, 450Ma and 425Ma in the SHB. Tectonic units of the Middle Devonian-Carboniferous tectonic stage are recognized based on plant fossils,continental and paralic facies, biomodal volcanic rocks, granites and ophiolites. These units include the Middle-Late Devonian continental basin filled by molasses with plant fossils called the Seribayanaobao Formation in western Inner Mongolia, Carboniferious continental and epeiric sea basin containing terrigenous clastic rocks and carbonate sequence, intrusive and irruptive igneous rock belt with ages from 300Ma to 330Ma containing granites,diorites,gabbros and biomodal volcanic rocks, and Early Carboniferious ophiolites of 330 ~ 350Ma in Hegenshan and Erenhot. These ophiolites are located on the Middle-Late Devonian continental crust base, which suggests a continental rift environment for them. The Permian tectonic units can be divided into passive rift belt, active rift basin, ophiolite belt, and alkaline rock belt,which indicates a continuous extension environment during the Permian. The passive rift belt is composed of thick continental sedimentary rocks containing plant fossils called the Baoligaomiao or Gegentingaobao Formation and biomodal volcanic rocks (270 ~ 290Ma) called the Dashizhai Formation in Inner Mongolia. The alkaline rocks can be divided into north and south belts by their distribution. With several alkaline granites of 255 ~270Ma, the north belt extends along China-Mongolia boundary and south one, from Darhan Muminggan,Ondor Sum to Xianghuang,respectively. The Solonker ophiolite is a thrust sheet that is inserted in a thrust stack containing the Upper Carboniferious epeiric sea clastic rocks and carbornates. No melange has been found in it. According to these data, the Solonker ophiolite is similar to the Lingurian type ophiolite which occurred in a continental margin. |
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来源
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岩石学报
,2014,30(7):1841-1857 【核心库】
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关键词
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大地构造单元
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兴蒙造山带
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中国北方
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前中生代
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地址
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1.
北京大学地球与空间科学学院, 造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室, 北京, 100871
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沈阳地质矿产研究所, 沈阳, 110034
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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1000-0569 |
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学科
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地质学 |
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基金
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国家973计划
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国土资源部中国地质调查局项目
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国家自然科学基金项目
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:5188618
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