社会—生态系统综合风险防范的凝聚力模式
Integrated risk governance consilience mode of social-ecological systems
查看参考文献37篇
|
文摘
|
在综合风险防范“凝聚力”概念的基础上,从社会—生态系统综合风险防范的“凝聚力”基本原理、凝聚力形成中的协同效能、凝聚力实现手段、凝聚力优化对提高系统抗打击能力的作用等方面系统研究了“凝聚力”的科学内涵,并初步建立了“凝聚力”的模式,以期完善现有综合风险防范理论体系。结果表明:协同宽容、协同约束、协同放大和协同分散四个基本原理阐述了社会—生态系统综合风险凝聚力在协同运作上的四种表现,同时也是凝聚力在“凝心”和“聚力”具体问题上的4种优化目标的阐释;凝聚力模式将四个协同原理及其优化目标转化为社会认知普及化、成本分摊合理化、组合优化智能化、费用效益最大化等一系列手段,实现了社会—生态系统综合风险防范产生的共识最高化、成本最低化、福利最大化以及风险最小化;运用复杂系统建模和仿真的方法,通过设计社会—生态系统结构和功能的表达,验证了随着系统凝聚力的提高,系统抵抗局部和全局打击的能力均得以增强,而且,可通过优化社会—生态系统中节点的结构和功能,以达到提升系统凝聚力的目的;凝聚力模式补充了灾害系统中脆弱性、恢复性、适应性等概念在阐释社会—生态系统综合风险防范问题上存在的缺陷。 |
|
其他语种文摘
|
Based on the concept of 'consilience' in integrated risk governance, this paper aims to develop scientific meanings of consilience in a systemic manner from the perspectives of fundamental principles, synergistic efficacy, operational means, and optimization process to improve a system's robustness to resist external disturbs. This paper proposed a new consilience mode for the purpose of complementing the existing theoretical system of integrated risk governance. The results presented in this paper show that the four proposed synergistic principles (tolerance, constraint, amplification and diversification) can well describe the characteristics of consilience in integrated risk governance of a socioecological system. The principles set four optimization goals in terms of 'consenting in minds' and 'gathering in force' in the consilience theory. The consilience mode demonstrates how the synergistic principles and their optimization goals are converted into a series of tasks including the popularization of social perception, the rationalization of cost allocation, the systemization of optimization and the maximization of cost benefit. With implementation of all these tasks, the consensus and social welfare can be maximized while the cost and risk can be minimized in the integrated risk governance of the socio-ecological system. The modeling and simulation results show that a complex network system's robustness can be improved with increased system consilience when facing local or global disturbs. Moreover, this kind of improvement can be achieved by optimizing the structure and function of nodes in a socio-ecological system. The consilience mode also complements current disaster system theory in which the concepts of vulnerability, resilience and adaptation may face limitation of addressing integrated risk governance problems in a socio-ecological system. |
|
来源
|
地理学报
,2014,69(6):863-876 【核心库】
|
|
DOI
|
10.11821/dlxb201406012
|
|
关键词
|
社会—生态系统
;
风险防范
;
凝聚力模式
;
协同效能
;
综合
|
|
地址
|
1.
北京师范大学, 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室;;环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室, 北京, 100875
2.
北京师范大学, 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室, 北京, 100875
|
|
语种
|
中文 |
|
文献类型
|
研究性论文 |
|
ISSN
|
0375-5444 |
|
学科
|
社会与环境 |
|
基金
|
国家973计划
;
国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目
|
|
文献收藏号
|
CSCD:5188488
|
参考文献 共
37
共2页
|
|
1.
Liu J. Complexity of coupled human and natural systems.
Science,2007,317:1513-1516
|
CSCD被引
75
次
|
|
|
|
|
2.
Ostrom Elinor. A general framework for analyzing sustainability of social-ecological systems.
Science,2009,325(419)
|
CSCD被引
162
次
|
|
|
|
|
3.
Young O R. The globalization of socio-ecological systems: An agenda for scientific research.
Global Environmental Change,2006,16(3):304-316
|
CSCD被引
21
次
|
|
|
|
|
4.
Helbing D. Globally networked risks and how to respond.
Nature,2013,497:51-59
|
CSCD被引
47
次
|
|
|
|
|
5.
史培军. 全球环境变化与综合灾害风险防范研究.
地球科学进展,2009,24(4):428-435
|
CSCD被引
33
次
|
|
|
|
|
6.
史培军.
综合风险防范: IHDP综合风险防范核心科学计划与综合巨灾风险防范研究,2012
|
CSCD被引
5
次
|
|
|
|
|
7.
史培军. 灾害研究的理论与实践.
南京大学学报,1991(专刊):37-42
|
CSCD被引
161
次
|
|
|
|
|
8.
史培军. 再论灾害研究的理论与实践.
自然灾害学报,1996,5(4):6-17
|
CSCD被引
277
次
|
|
|
|
|
9.
史培军. 三论灾害研究的理论与实践.
自然灾害学报,2002,11(3):1-9
|
CSCD被引
274
次
|
|
|
|
|
10.
史培军. 减灾与可持续发展模式--从第二次世界减灾大会看中国减灾战略的调整.
自然灾害学报,2005,14(6):1-7
|
CSCD被引
189
次
|
|
|
|
|
11.
Gallopin G C. Science for the 21st century: From social contract to the scientific core.
International Social Science Journal,2001,168:219-229
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
12.
Gallopin G C. Human dimensions of global change: Linking the global and the local processes.
International Social Science Journal,1991,130:707-718
|
CSCD被引
3
次
|
|
|
|
|
13.
史培军. 五论灾害系统研究的理论与实践.
自然灾害学报,2009,18(5):1-9
|
CSCD被引
107
次
|
|
|
|
|
14.
Turner B L II. A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2003,100(14):8074-8079
|
CSCD被引
290
次
|
|
|
|
|
15.
Young Oran R. Institutional dynamics: Resilience, vulnerability and adaptation in environmental and resource regimes.
Global Environmental Change,2010,20(3):378-385
|
CSCD被引
7
次
|
|
|
|
|
16.
Kasperson J X. Vulnerability to global environmental change.
Social Contours of Risk. Vol. II,2005:245-285
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
17.
Van der Leeuw S E.
'Vulnerability' and the integrated study of socio-natural phenomena. IHDP Update 2/01, art. 2 [online],2001
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
18.
Janssen Marco A. Resilience, vulnerability, and adaptation: A cross-cutting theme of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change.
Global Environmental Change,2006,16(3):237-239
|
CSCD被引
18
次
|
|
|
|
|
19.
Adger W N. Vulnerability.
Global Environmental Change,2006,16(3):268-281
|
CSCD被引
191
次
|
|
|
|
|
20.
Gallopin Gilberto C. Linkages between vulnerability, resilience, and adaptive capacity.
Global Environmental Change,2006,16(3):293-303
|
CSCD被引
113
次
|
|
|
|
|
了解气象卫星更多信息，请访问