广州市饮用水中挥发性有机物的研究
Research of VOCs in drinking water of Guangzhou
查看参考文献25篇
|
文摘
|
饮用水中的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)来源于水源水受到的环境污染或是在净化消毒工艺处理工程中反应产生的副产物,可对人体健康造成极大的危害。改革开放以来,广州人口和经济得到突飞猛进的发展,也带来了包括饮用水安全在内的诸多严重的社会和环境问题。虽然饮用水中VOCs的研究已经得到越来越多的重视,但是目前对广州市饮用水中挥发性有机物的研究还鲜有报道。本文在广州市中心城区选取15个不同位置的采样点进行了自来水水样采集,并利用吹扫-捕集-气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用系统分析技术测定水中VOCs的种类和三卤甲烷的质量浓度。结果表明,广州市中心城区的自来水中VOCs有20种,以三卤甲烷(THMs)和芳香烃类为主,占了所检出的物质总量的78%以上。THMs中四种化合物(氯仿、一溴二氯甲烷、二溴一氯甲烷、溴仿)的检出率达100%,总三卤甲烷的平均质量浓度为46.46 μg·L~(-1),最大值为53.31 μg·L~(-1),最小值39.91 μg·L~(-1)。根据2006版国家饮用水标准,四种三卤甲烷质量浓度均低于标准限值,符合标准要求。对市面上一般的瓶装水的研究发现,瓶装水中三卤甲烷的质量浓度非常低,总三卤甲烷平均质量浓度仅为1.47 μg·L~(-1),约是自来水中质量浓度的1/30。为了解温度及煮沸对自来水中THMs质量浓度的影响,本研究设计了实验进行探究。结果发现加热至沸腾过程中,THMs质量浓度随温度升高而升高,而沸腾后THMs骤降,煮沸5 min可降低水中约95%的THMs,接近瓶装水中THMs质量浓度。 |
|
其他语种文摘
|
The existence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in drinking water, which may create adverse health effects on human beings, is due to the organic pollution of the water sources and/or the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) during the drinking water treatment and supply processes. Since the reform and opening up, Guangzhou has been undergoing a rapid increase and development of population and economy, which is accompanied by many serious social and environmental problems, such as the safety of drinking water. Although the VOCs in drinking water has received increased attention in the world, the research on this issue in Guangzhou is still scarce. In this study, 15 tap water samples were collected at different sampling sites in center city district of Guangzhou. The VOCs species and trihalomethanes (THMs) mass concentrations in the samples were analyzed with purge & trap preconcentrator coupled with a gas chromatography-mass selective detector (GC-MSD).20 VOCs species were detected in the tap water in Guangzhou, and above 78% of these species were aromatic hydrocarbons and trihalomethanes. THMs, which include four species: chloroform (CF), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane (DBCM) and bromoform (BF), were found in all samples. The mass concentration of Total THMs was 46.46 μg·L~(-1), ranged from 39.91 μg·L~(-1) to 53.31 μg·L~(-1). Compared to the national standards for drinking water in 2006, THMs mass concentrations in Guangzhou tap water is under the corresponding standard limits. As for bottled water which is widely sold in the market, the THMs mass concentration was fairly low, and the total THMs in bottled water was 1.47 μg·L~(-1) in average, which is about 30 times lower than the tap water's mass concentration. In this research, we also designed experiments to study the influence of temperature and boiling on the THMs mass concentration in drinking water. It was found that before boiling, the concentration of THMs increased with the increasing temperature, and after boiling, the THMs mass concentrations plummeted. After 5 minutes boiling, more than 95% THMs in drinking water has been removed and the THMs mass concentrations were close to the levels in bottled water. |
|
来源
|
生态环境学报
,2014,23(1):113-121 【核心库】
|
|
关键词
|
挥发性有机物
;
三卤甲烷
;
饮用水
;
广州
;
温度
|
|
地址
|
1.
中山大学地理科学与规划学院, 广东, 广州, 510275
2.
中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 广东, 广州, 510640
|
|
语种
|
中文 |
|
文献类型
|
研究性论文 |
|
ISSN
|
1674-5906 |
|
学科
|
环境科学基础理论 |
|
基金
|
国家自然科学基金
;
中山大学实验室开放基金
|
|
文献收藏号
|
CSCD:5107381
|
参考文献 共
25
共2页
|
|
1.
Bull R J. Water chlorination: essential process or cancer hazard.
Toxicological Sciences,1995,28:155
|
CSCD被引
10
次
|
|
|
|
|
2.
Cantor K P. Drinking water and cancer.
Cancer Causes and Control,1997(8):292-308
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
3.
Clayton C A. National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS): distributions and associations of lead, arsenic and volatile organic compounds in EPA Region 5.
Exposure Analysis Environment Epidemiology,1999(9):381-392
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
4.
.
EPA 524. 2. Methods for the determination of organic compounds in drinking wate-r suplementpurgeable organic compounds by capillary column GC/MS spectrometry,1995
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
5.
Fawell J. Risk assessment case study-chloroform and related substances.
Food and Chemical Toxicology,2000,38:S91-S95
|
CSCD被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
6.
Weisel C P. Exposure to Chlorination By-Products from Hot Water Uses.
Risk Analysis,1994,14(1):101-106
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
7.
Wu W W. Effects of Thermal Treatment on Halogenated Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water.
Water Research,2001,35(15):3545-3550
|
CSCD被引
7
次
|
|
|
|
|
8.
陈波林. 煮沸对自来水有机浓集物致突变性影响.
环境与健康杂志,1992,6(3):97
|
CSCD被引
4
次
|
|
|
|
|
9.
戴军升. 黄浦江水中挥发性有机化合物污染现状.
环境与职业医学,2005,22(6):502-505
|
CSCD被引
4
次
|
|
|
|
|
10.
高建. 哈尔滨地区饮用水中挥发性有机污染物调查.
中国公共卫生管理,2009,25(4):428-429
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
11.
康莉. 自来水中28种挥发性有机物的吹扫捕集气相色谱质谱联用分析.
化学测定方法,2009,19(11):2528-2530
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
12.
林长清. 气相色谱-质谱法测定自来水中挥发性有机污染物含量.
当代化工,2007,36(4):466-468
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
13.
刘慧. 吹扫-捕集气质联用法测定北京效区土壤中挥发性有机物.
复旦学报: 自然科学版,2003,42(6):856-860
|
CSCD被引
17
次
|
|
|
|
|
14.
罗光华. 吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定水中9种挥发性有机物.
实用预防医学,2006,13(4):1036-1037
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
15.
罗添. 吹扫捕集气相色谱质谱法测定饮用水中挥发性有机物.
卫生研究,2006,36(6):355-358
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
16.
孙仕萍. 饮用水中11种挥发性有机物的顶空气相色谱测定法.
环境与健康杂志,2008,24(8):630-632
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
17.
王菊香. 煮沸对自来水有机提取物致突变性影响的实验研究.
中国全科医学,2002,5(6):479-480
|
CSCD被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
18.
王凯华. 开水中有机浓集物的致突变性研究.
环境与健康杂志,1989,6(2):32
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
19.
魏复盛.
水和废水监测分析方法指南(下册),1997:37
|
CSCD被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
20.
吴静. 自来水及水源水有机提取物对巨噬细胞的损伤作用.
环境与健康杂志,2001,18(1):3
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
了解气象卫星更多信息，请访问