我国汞矿区人群的无机汞及甲基汞暴露途径与风险评估
Risk assessments and exposure pathways of inorganic mercury and methylmercury to populations from mercury mining regions in China
查看参考文献49篇
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文摘
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汞矿山活动导致的环境汞污染及健康风险,一直受到人们的关注和重视。汞矿区生活人群的汞暴露主要是通过食物链、直接呼吸空气以及饮水等途径。人群汞暴露评估结果表明,通过进食稻米和蔬菜造成的无机汞暴露最高,占总暴露量的80%以上,它们的平均日暴露量分别为0.10μg/kg和0.13μg/kg;而与无机汞暴露不同,通过进食稻米产生的甲基汞暴露量远远高出其他进食途径,如蔬菜、鱼类和饮水等,表现出了很高的风险因子,最大日暴露量可高达1.9μg/kg,造成的风险因子高达8.1。尽管各途径的平均日暴露量估算显示无论无机汞还是甲基汞,均未超出粮农组织/世界卫生组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会(JECFA)推荐的人体安全无机汞摄人量0.57μg/(kg?d)和安全甲基汞摄人量0.23μg/(kg?d),但它们的联合暴露量导致的风险因子却超出了1.0,暗示可能会导致部分人群尤其是敏感人群,如孕妇、婴儿等的潜在汞暴露健康风险。 |
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其他语种文摘
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Mercury (Hg) pollution and human health risks resulted from Hg mining poses more concerns worldwide. Routes of the daily Hg uptakes in the local populations include contaminated air inhaling, water drinking, and contaminated food consumption. The risk assessment shows that the dominant pathways of exposure to inorganic Hg for the local residents are rice and vegetables, with a high average daily uptake of 0.10μg/kg for rice and of 0.13μg/kg for vegetables, respectively, which counts for>80 percentage of the total inorganic Hg exposure. Unlikely, the daily uptake of methylmercury (MeHg) through rice consumption was elevated compared to other foods consumption, such as vegetables, fish, and water drinking. A high hazard index (HI) of 8.1 was presented in rice, with an elevated uptake of 1.9μg/kg. Although the average daily intakes of both inorganic Hg and MeHg through entire compartments investigated did not exceed 0.57μg/(kg?d) for inorganic Hg and 0.23 μg/(kg·d) for MeHg recommended by JECFA, the total amount of both daily inorganic Hg uptake and daily MeHg uptake exhibited a HI value of >1.0, indicating that the present high Hg concentrations in foodstuff might result in an undesirable Hg exposure to residents, especially the susceptible populations, such as pregnants and infants. |
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来源
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地球化学
,2013,42(3):205-211 【核心库】
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关键词
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汞
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环境污染
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暴露途径
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风险评估
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汞矿区
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地址
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中国科学院地球化学研究所, 环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵州, 贵阳, 550002
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中国科学院地球化学研究所, 环境地球化学国家重点实验室;;中国科学院污染生态与环境工程重点实验室, 贵州, 贵阳, 550002
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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研究性论文 |
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ISSN
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0379-1726 |
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学科
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地质学 |
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基金
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国家自然科学基金
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:4864964
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