海洋酸化及其与海洋生物及生态系统的关系
The effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms and ecosystem
查看参考文献64篇
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文摘
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海洋酸化是CO_2排放引起的另一重大环境问题.工业革命以来,海洋吸收了人类排放CO_2总量的三分之一.目前,海洋每年吸收的量约为人类排放量的四分之一(即约每小时吸收100万吨以上的CO_2),对缓解全球变暖起着重要的作用.然而,随着海洋吸收CO_2量的增加,表层海水的碱性下降,引起海洋酸化.海洋酸化会引起海洋系统内一系列化学变化,从而影响到大多数海洋生物的生理、生长、繁殖、代谢与生存,可能最终导致海洋生态系统发生不可逆转的变化,影响海洋生态系统的平衡及对人类的服务功能.地球历史上曾多次发生过海洋酸化事件,伴随着生物种类的灭绝,其内在联系虽然不甚明确,却也可能暗示未来海洋酸化可能对海洋生态系统产生重大的影响. |
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其他语种文摘
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Ocean acidification is known as another global change problem caused by increasing atmospheric CO_2. Since the industrial revolution, the oceans have absorbed more than one third of the anthropogenic CO_2 released to the atmosphere, currently, at a rate of over 1 million tons per hour, totaling to about one quarter of all anthropogenic CO_2 emissions annually. Uptake of CO_2 by the ocean has played an important role in stabilizing climate by mitigating global warming. However, rising ocean carbon levels caused by the uptake of anthropogenic CO_2 (acidic gas) leads to increased ocean acidity (reduced pH) and related changes in ocean carbonate chemistry, or "ocean acidification". Recent research has shown that ocean acidification affects the physiology, growth, survival, and reproduction of many, if not most marine organisms. Ultimately, future ocean acidification may lead to significant changes in many marine ecosystems, with consequential impact on ecosystem services to societies. Several ocean acidification events are known to have occurred during Earth's history, each coinciding with high rates of species' extinctions. Although the mechanisms involved in past massive species extinction associated with ocean acidification events, they certainly hint potential disastrous impacts on ecosystem functions in short future. |
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来源
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科学通报
,2013,58(14):1307-1314 【核心库】
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关键词
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CO_2
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海洋酸化
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海洋化学与
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物理过程
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全球变化
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生态效应
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地址
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1.
厦门大学, 近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室, 厦门, 361005
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台湾中山大学, 高雄, 804
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中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广州, 510301
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中国海洋大学, 海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室, 青岛, 266100
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台湾研究院环境变化研究中心, 台北, 115
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School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, USA, Orono, 04401
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中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 广州, 510640
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北京大学城市与环境学院, 北京, 100871
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国家海洋局第三海洋研究所, 国家海洋局海洋-大气化学与全球变化重点实验室, 厦门, 361005
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上海海洋大学海洋生物系统和神经科学研究所, 上海, 201306
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Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, USA, Moss Landing, 95039
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语种
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中文 |
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文献类型
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综述型 |
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ISSN
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0023-074X |
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学科
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普通生物学 |
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基金
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中国科学院“百人计划”项目
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国家自然科学基金
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:4831565
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