留守儿童社交焦虑及其相关因素
A study on social anxiety and its related factors in left-behind children

王婷王文忠刘正奎高文斌

文摘	目的探讨留守儿童的社交焦虑水平及其相关因素.方法对重庆和贵州的876名农村中小学生(包括留守及非留守儿童)进行社交焦虑水平和相关影响因素的调查.结果父母一方或双方在外打工的留守儿童社交焦虑水平[(7.85±3.66)分,(7.77±3.75)分]要明显高于父母双方均在家的儿童[(6.75±3.72)分,P＜0.01].小学五年级儿童的社交焦虑水平[(6.55±3.88)分]要明显低于初二年级和高一年级2组儿童[(7.75±3.69)分,(7.95±3.54)分,P＜0.01],初二与高一年级之间差异无显著性.各年级留守儿童的自尊与社交焦虑水平显著负相关(r=-0.22,P＜0.01;r=-0.17,P＜0.05;r=-0.32,P＜0.01).对于初二和高一年级的留守儿童,父母外出打工时其所处的年龄段对其社交焦虑水平有重要影响.对于小学五年级的留守儿童,父母和他们的联系频次对其社交焦虑水平有显著影响.结论 1)农村留守儿童的社交焦虑水平相对较高;2)留守儿童的社交焦虑与其自尊水平密切相关;3)与父母的早期分离可能加重留守儿童的社交焦虑,而与在外打工的父母经常联系可能缓解其社交焦虑.
其他语种文摘	Objective To examine the social anxiety level and its related factors in left-behind children.Methods To investigate the social anxiety level and its related factors in 876 students(including left-behind children and common children)from elementary schools or high schools in local villages and towns of Chongqing and Guizhou.Results The social anxiety of left-behind children(7.85±3.66,7.77±3.75)was obviously higher than that of the children whose parents both stayed at home(6.75±3.72,P＜0.01).Compared with children of grade two in junior high school and children of grade one in senior high school(7.75±3.69,7.95±3.54),the social anxiety of the fifth grade children in primary school(6.55±3.88)was obviously lower(P＜0.01).Self-esteem and social anxiety were significantly negatively related in left-behind children(r=-0.22,P＜0.01;r=-0.17,P＜0.05;r=-0.32,P＜0.01).To left-behind children in junior or senior high school,their age when parents left them was an important factor for their social anxiety.To left-behind children of grade five in primary school,the contact frequency between them and parents had some important influence on their social anxiety.Conclusion 1)Left-behind children have a relatively high level of social anxiety.They need some appropriate psychological interventions,especially when they are in junior or senior high sch001.2)Social anxiety is closely related with self-esteem in left-behind children.3)Early separation from parents would aggravate social anxiety of leftbehind children,and more frequent contact with parents would relieve their social anxiety.
来源	中国行为医学科学 ,2008,17(10):910-912 【扩展库】
关键词	社交焦虑 ; 相关因素 ; 留守儿童
地址	中国科学院心理研究所, 中科院心理健康重点实验室, 北京, 100101
语种	中文
文献类型	研究性论文
ISSN	1005-8559
学科	神经病学与精神病学
基金	国家自然科学基金 ; 国家863计划
文献收藏号	CSCD:3479325