决策与推理的双系统——启发式系统和分析系统
Two Systems in Decision-making and Reasoning： Heuristic System and Analytic System
查看参考文献39篇
|
文摘
|
近来,在决策与推理的研究中,研究者提出了双系统作用模型：基于直觉的启发式系统和基于理性的分析系统。启发式系统加工速度较快,不占用或占用很少的心理资源,容易受背景相似性、刻板印象的影响;分析系统加工速度慢,占用较多的心理资源,遵从逻辑和规则,而且两个系统有不同进化历史和神经基础。该文根据已有的相关研究,综述了双系统在决策与推理中可能的作用机制、相互关系、个体差异,同时指出了目前研究存在的不足。 |
|
其他语种文摘
|
Researchers in decision-making and reasoning have recently proposed that there are two distinct cognitive systems: heuristic system and controlled analytic system. The former is a relatively effortless system that relies on prior knowledge, judgmental heuristics, and immediate experience; the latter is a slower, effortful, resource-dependent, rule-based one. The two systems have sharply differing evolutionary histories and neuro-logical substrates. The mechanism of the two systems in decision-making and reasoning process, the relationship of them, the individual difference variables and some limitations were also discussed in this article. |
|
来源
|
心理科学进展
,2007,15(5):721-726 【扩展库】
|
|
关键词
|
启发式系统
;
分析系统
;
决策
;
推理
|
|
地址
|
1.
中国科学院心理研究所, 北京, 100101
2.
青岛理工大学, 青岛, 266033
|
|
语种
|
中文 |
|
文献类型
|
研究性论文 |
|
ISSN
|
1671-3710 |
|
学科
|
社会科学总论 |
|
基金
|
中国科学院“百人计划”项目
;
国家自然科学基金（70671099）项目
|
|
文献收藏号
|
CSCD:2975713
|
参考文献 共
39
共2页
|
|
1.
Sloman S A. The empirical case for two systems of reasoning.
Psychological Bulletin,1996,119:3-22
|
CSCD被引
36
次
|
|
|
|
|
2.
Evans J S B T. Logical and human reasoning:An assessment of the deductive paradigm.
Psychological Bulletin,2002,128:978-996
|
CSCD被引
16
次
|
|
|
|
|
3.
Evans J S B T. In two minds:dual-process account of reasoning.
Trends in Cognitive Sciences,2003,7:454-459
|
CSCD被引
40
次
|
|
|
|
|
4.
Stanovich K E. Individual differences in reasoning:Implications for the rationality debate.
Behavioral&Brain Sciences,2000,23:645-726
|
CSCD被引
32
次
|
|
|
|
|
5.
Kahneman D. Representativeness revisited:Attribute substitution in intuitive judgment.
Heuristics and Biases:the Psychology of Intuitive Judgment,2002:49-81
|
CSCD被引
7
次
|
|
|
|
|
6.
Sloman S A. Two systems of reasoning.
Heuristics and Biases:the Psychology of Intuitive Judgment,2002:379-396
|
CSCD被引
2
次
|
|
|
|
|
7.
Tversky A. External versus intuitive reasoning:The conjunction fallacy in probability judgment.
Psychological Review,1983,90:293-315
|
CSCD被引
13
次
|
|
|
|
|
8.
Osman M. An evaluation of dual-process theories of reasoning.
Psychonomic Bulletin&Review,2004,11(6):988-1010
|
CSCD被引
3
次
|
|
|
|
|
9.
Roberts M J. Inspection times the change task and rapid-response selection task.
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology,2002,54:1031-1048
|
CSCD被引
3
次
|
|
|
|
|
10.
Evans J S B T. Rapid responding increases belief bias:evidence for the dual process theory of reasoning.
Thinking and Reasoning,2005,11:382-389
|
CSCD被引
6
次
|
|
|
|
|
11.
Ferreira M B. Automatic and Controlled Components of Judgment and Decision Making.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,2006,91:797-813
|
CSCD被引
12
次
|
|
|
|
|
12.
Goel V. Explaining modulation of reasoning by belief.
Cognition,2003,87:11-22
|
CSCD被引
16
次
|
|
|
|
|
13.
Petty R E. The elaboration likelihood model:current status and controversies.
Dual-process theories in social psychology,1999:73-96
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
14.
Epley N. Are Adjustments Insufficient.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,2004,30:447-460
|
CSCD被引
6
次
|
|
|
|
|
15.
Epley N. The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic.
Psychological Science,2006,17:311-318
|
CSCD被引
18
次
|
|
|
|
|
16.
Gilbert D T. Inferential correction.
Heuristics and Biases:the Psychology of Intuitive Judgment,2002:167-184
|
CSCD被引
1
次
|
|
|
|
|
17.
Epley N. Perspective taking as egocentric anchoring and adjustment.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,2004,87:327-339
|
CSCD被引
21
次
|
|
|
|
|
18.
Simmons J P. Intuitive Confidence:Choosing between Intuitive and Nonintuitive Alternatives.
Journal of Experimental Psychology:General,2006,135:409-428
|
CSCD被引
8
次
|
|
|
|
|
19.
Brewer M B. A dual-process model of impression formation.
Advances in social cognition,1988:1-36
|
CSCD被引
9
次
|
|
|
|
|
20.
Fiske S T. The continuum model:Ten years later.
Dual-process theories in social psychology,1999:231-254
|
CSCD被引
3
次
|
|
|
|
|
了解气象卫星更多信息，请访问